1. Skeletal System

2. Functions of the skeletal system Protection Support Movement Storage and Production of Materials

3. Joints A place in your body where two or more bones come together is called a joint Joints allow for movement and protect bones from friction and force Pivot joints: side to side (skull to first vertebrae) Ball and Socket joints: all directions (Shoulder/hips) Hinge joints: bending and straightening (knees/elbows) Gliding joints: many directions, bones slide along each other (wrist/ankles)

4. Development of bones Newborn’s skeleton is made mostly of cartilage WHY? Cartilage: a tough supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone Ossification: Minerals such as calcium and phosphorous are deposited within the cartilage making it hard (nose and ears left) Cells continue to maintain and repair the tissue (broken bones sometimes heal back stronger)

5. Structure of bones Bones consist of two different types of tissue: Compact bone: The outer layer (support/calcium) Spongy bone: The inner layer (develops bone marrow, resist stress, more porous) Outer membrane: contains cells that build up and break down bone Central cavity: often contains yellow bone marrow (fat) Bone Marrow: Yellow stores fat, Red produces over 100 BILLION red blood cells every day

6. Taking care of your bones Eat Healthy (loss of stored minerals can lead to osteoporosis) Exercise (increase bone density/strength) Protection (safety equipment) Rest Review fractures (simple and compound), sprains, dislocations, scoliosis http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vf -qgqLqzds http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vf -qgqLqzds