1. BY : 1)MUHAMAD AFIQ BIN ZAKARIA- EP090845 2)HAFIZIANA BINTI CHE HUSIN- EP090885 SECTION : 06 LECTURER : MISS ALICIA a/p PHILIP BY : 1)MUHAMAD AFIQ BIN ZAKARIA- EP090845 2)HAFIZIANA BINTI CHE HUSIN- EP090885 SECTION : 06 LECTURER : MISS ALICIA a/p PHILIP

2. DEFINITION :  Comes from Latin word, ‘abstractum’.  Means a condensed form of a longer piece of writing  Important parts of academic assignments; reports and research papers  To have a quick overview of the whole paper  Last item you write, but first thing people read

3.  A temperature sensor using the cascade configuration of a pnp bipolar junction transistor (BJT) and a p-type metal- oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (PMOSFET) was designed and measured. Under a biasing current proportional to absolute temperature for a pnp BJT and a temperature-stable biasing current for a PMOSFET, the plots of emitter-base and source-gate bias voltages against temperature show nearly complementary nonlinear characteristics. Therefore, a temperature sensor of which the output is the sum of the two bias voltages will exhibit good linearity. For a temperature range from 0 to 1258C, the fabricated temperature sensor has the sensitivity of 23.39 mV/8C or so with linearity up to 99.996%.

5.  Descriptive abstract  Yes, it follows the type of abstract  Reason: >Short - usually less than 100 words. >Includes: purpose of the work (objectives) method used scope of the work >Doesn’t include: results, conclusions and recommendations

6.  REASON: - USING CASCADE PNP BJT AND PMOSFET IN A TEMPERATURE SENSOR  PROBLEM - HOW THIS SENSOR WILL FUNCTIONS ?  METHODOLOGY - BJT; UNDER BIASING CURRENT PROPORTIONAL TO ABSOLUTE TEMPERATURE - PMOSFET; TEMPERATURE-STABLE BIASING CURRENT  IMPLICATIONS - UNDER CERTAIN RANGE OF TEMPERATURE, THIS SENSOR HAS THE SENSITIVITY UP TO 99.996%

7.  REASON  METHODOLOGY  IMPLICATION PROBLEM AND RESULT ARE ROUGHLY DISCUSSED IN THIS ABTRACT…

8.  BRITISH ENGLISH  PAST TENSE  PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE  USE THE SIMPLE SENTENCE  EASILY TO BE UNDERSTOOD  CLEAR AND ATTRACT WIDER AUDIENCE

9.  WRITTEN IN A SINGLE PHARAGRAPH  LENGTH OF THE ABSTRACT – ABOUT 110 WORDS  NUMBERING – FOR PERCENTAGE, VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE  SCIENTIFIC WORDS USED: > BJT – BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR > PMOSFET – P-TYPE METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR

10.  UNC COLLEGE OF ART & SCIENCE (http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/abstracts/)http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/abstracts/  PENNSTATE; COLLEGE OF EARTH AND MINERAL SCIENCE (https://www.e- education.psu.edu/styleforstudents/c6_p8.html)https://www.e- education.psu.edu/styleforstudents/c6_p8.html CREDITS: JOURNAL & SLIDES BY HAFIZIANA PRESENTATION & VIDEO BY AFIQ EXAMINER: MISS ALICIA