1. New Patterns of Civilization Chapter 1 Section 4

2. ► 1. The World of Islam  A. Arabian Peninsula  B. Muhammad ► Received a vision on top of Mount Hira ► Allah told him to write down the things which he was told  C. The Quran ► Contained the teachings of Muhammad  D. The Five Pillars of Islam ► Faith, Prayer, Fasting, Charity, Pilgrimage ► Muslims rewarded if they practice the five pillars  E. Unification ► Isam united the middle east as Christianity united Europe ► Islam, Xianity, and Judaism shared many values

3. 2. European Civilization in the Middle Ages ► A. Charlemagne  In 800 AD crowned Emperor of Europe  United Europe into Holy Roman Empire  Europe became center of Western World ► B. The Middle Ages  Feudalism  1) Kings-> Lords -> Knights ->Peasants

4. 3. England in the High Middle Ages ► A. Henry II  strengthened royal courts  Now courts were controlled by the king rather than separate feudal lords ► B. Common Law  England united under one law ► C. Magna Carta  1) King John ► Forced to sign by his nobles ► Said that a king had to listen to nobles and follow same laws as people

5. 4. Beginnings of Parliament ► A. Edward I  Parliament was created  1) Parliament ► representative body of advisors to a king or other chief executive  2) House of Lords/House of Commons ► Lords=Kings and nobles ► Commons= Knights and townspeople  Parliament approved taxes, discussed politics, and passed laws

6. 5. The Renaissance ► A. Time period  btwn1350 and 1550 in Europe  Rebirth of Greek and Roman culture  Focused on the idea that humans are capable of great achievements ► B. Leonardo da Vinci  Inventor, sculptor, artist, etc ► C. Old ideas  Democracy, constitutional government, etc

7. 6. The Protestant Reformation ► A. Role of Renaissance  people try to get back to early forms of Xianity ► B. Corrupt Church  People began to question the Roman Catholic church  Printing press ► C. Martin Luther  1517, 95 Theses  Protestantism