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New Patterns of Civilization Chapter 1 Section 4
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► 1. The World of Islam A. Arabian Peninsula B. Muhammad ► Received a vision on top of Mount Hira ► Allah told him to write down the things which he was told C. The Quran ► Contained the teachings of Muhammad D. The Five Pillars of Islam ► Faith, Prayer, Fasting, Charity, Pilgrimage ► Muslims rewarded if they practice the five pillars E. Unification ► Isam united the middle east as Christianity united Europe ► Islam, Xianity, and Judaism shared many values
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2. European Civilization in the Middle Ages ► A. Charlemagne In 800 AD crowned Emperor of Europe United Europe into Holy Roman Empire Europe became center of Western World ► B. The Middle Ages Feudalism 1) Kings-> Lords -> Knights ->Peasants
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3. England in the High Middle Ages ► A. Henry II strengthened royal courts Now courts were controlled by the king rather than separate feudal lords ► B. Common Law England united under one law ► C. Magna Carta 1) King John ► Forced to sign by his nobles ► Said that a king had to listen to nobles and follow same laws as people
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4. Beginnings of Parliament ► A. Edward I Parliament was created 1) Parliament ► representative body of advisors to a king or other chief executive 2) House of Lords/House of Commons ► Lords=Kings and nobles ► Commons= Knights and townspeople Parliament approved taxes, discussed politics, and passed laws
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5. The Renaissance ► A. Time period btwn1350 and 1550 in Europe Rebirth of Greek and Roman culture Focused on the idea that humans are capable of great achievements ► B. Leonardo da Vinci Inventor, sculptor, artist, etc ► C. Old ideas Democracy, constitutional government, etc
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6. The Protestant Reformation ► A. Role of Renaissance people try to get back to early forms of Xianity ► B. Corrupt Church People began to question the Roman Catholic church Printing press ► C. Martin Luther 1517, 95 Theses Protestantism
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