1. Date of download: 7/2/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: The Glycemic Index: Physiological Mechanisms Relating to Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease JAMA. 2002;287(18):2414-2423. doi:10.1001/jama.287.18.2414 Responses were measured after ingestion of 50 g of carbohydrate aswhite bread or spaghetti made from identical ingredients.Qualitatively similar results were obtained after consumption of these foodsas part of mixed meals, although nutrientinteractions can modulate the magnitude of these responses to some degree. Adapted with permission from the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Figure Legend:

2. Date of download: 7/2/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: The Glycemic Index: Physiological Mechanisms Relating to Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease JAMA. 2002;287(18):2414-2423. doi:10.1001/jama.287.18.2414 Vertical outlined arrows indicate direction and magnitude of changefrom baseline (preprandial) state indicated by horizontal outlined arrows.Early postprandial period: rapid absorption of carbohydrate after a high–glycemicindex meal results in a relatively high blood glucose level and a high insulin-to-glucagonratio. Middle postprandial period: blood glucose level decreases to belowpreprandial level, and free fatty acid concentration remains suppressed aftera high–glycemic index meal. Late postprandial period: counterregulatoryhormones after a high–glycemic index meal restore euglycemia and causea marked increase in free fatty acid concentration. Figure Legend:

3. Date of download: 7/2/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: The Glycemic Index: Physiological Mechanisms Relating to Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease JAMA. 2002;287(18):2414-2423. doi:10.1001/jama.287.18.2414 The hypothetical model relates a high–glycemic index diet toincreased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Figure Legend:

4. Date of download: 7/2/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: The Glycemic Index: Physiological Mechanisms Relating to Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease JAMA. 2002;287(18):2414-2423. doi:10.1001/jama.287.18.2414 The data are depicted as percentage of change in lipid concentrationafter a low– compared with a high–glycemic index diet. LDL indicateslow-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein. Figure Legend: