1. History of the English Medieval Period

3. History of the English Medieval Period and History of the English Language From Old English to Middle English

4. History of the English Medieval Period and History of the English Language From Old English to Middle English From 1066 Hastings to 1485 Bosworth Field

5. The Medieval Period… New Topic Historical Overview

6. BEGINNING * MIDDLE * END _________________500 AD______________1500 AD ______________ ANCIENT MIDDLE AGES MODERN Remember our three part concept of History

7. BEGINNING * MIDDLE * END _________________500 AD______________1500 AD ______________ ANCIENT MIDDLE AGES MODERN Remember our three part concept of History

8. BEGINNING * MIDDLE * END _________________500 AD______________1500 AD ______________ ANCIENT MIDDLE AGES MODERN Remember our three part concept of History

9. BEGINNING * MIDDLE * END _________________500 AD______________1500 AD ______________ ANCIENT MIDDLE AGES MODERN Remember our three part concept of History

10. BEGINNING * MIDDLE * END _________________500 AD______________1500 AD ______________ ANCIENT MIDDLE AGES MODERN Fall of Rome The Renaissance Remember our three part concept of History

11. BEGINNING * MIDDLE * END _________________500 AD______________1500 AD ______________ ANCIENT MIDDLE AGES MODERN Fall of Rome The Renaissance Remember our three part concept of History

12. BEGINNING * MIDDLE * END _________________500 AD______________1500 AD ______________ ANCIENT MIDDLE AGES MODERN Fall of Rome The Renaissance Remember our three part concept of History

13. Let’s now specifically look at The Middle Ages – In England

14. 500 1500 The Middle Ages – In England

15. But we can neatly split this in half yet again 500 10001500 Dark Ages Medieval

16. But we can neatly split this in half yet again 500 1000 Dark Ages / English Anglo Saxon Period.

17. But we can neatly split this in half yet again 500 1000 Dark Ages / English Anglo Saxon Period We covered this Earlier: Beowulf The Seafarer

18. But we can neatly split this in half yet again 10001500 Medieval Our Study of late has been on the… Later Middle Ages

19. But we can neatly split this in half yet again 10001500 Medieval Our Study of late has been on the… Later Middle Ages The High Middle Ages

20. But we can neatly split this in half yet again 10001500 Medieval Our Study of late has been on the… Later Middle Ages The High Middle Ages The Medieval Period

21. Castles Cathedrals

22. Earthly King Heavenly King

23. Feudalism Earthly King Faith Heavenly King King

24. 1000 1500 Actually the year 1000 AD is a generalization… The Middle Age – In England

25. 1066 1500 a better more specific start date is 1066. The Middle Age – In England

26. 1066 1500 a better more specific start date is 1066. 1066 AD Battle of Hastings The Middle Age – In England

27. 1066 - The Battle of Hastings Harold the Saxon The Middle Age – In England

28. 1066 - The Battle of Hastings Harold the Saxon William the Bastard The Middle Age – In England

29. 1066 - The Battle of Hastings Harold the Saxon William the Bastard Anglo Saxons Normans The Middle Age – In England

30. 1066 - The Battle of Hastings Harold the Saxon William the Bastard Anglo Saxons Normans Old English French The Middle Age – In England

31. The End of the Anglo-Saxon Period/ Beginning of Medieval Period. After the death of 1)________________________ a battle takes place for the throne of England. In the year 2)_________________, near the town of 3)__________________; Saxon forces led by 4)__________________ meet Norman French forces led by 5)____________________. The Normans prove victorious and French speaking conquerors will now rule over a population of Old English speaking Anglo-Saxons. This ends the Anglo Saxon Period/Dark Ages and begins the Middle Ages.

32. The End of the Anglo-Saxon Period. After the death of 1) Edward the Confessor a battle takes place for the throne of England. In the year 2) 1066 AD, near the town of 3) Hastings; Saxon forces led by 4)Harold Godwinson/ Harold I meet Norman French forces led by 5)William the Bastard/The Conqueror

33. The End of the Anglo-Saxon Period. After the death of 1) Edward the Confessor a battle takes place for the throne of England. In the year 2) 1066 AD, near the town of 3) Hastings; Saxon forces led by 4)Harold Godwinson/ Harold I meet Norman French forces led by 5)William the Bastard/The Conqueror The Normans prove victorious and French speaking conquerors will now rule over a population of Old English speaking Anglo-Saxons.

34. The End of the Anglo-Saxon Period. After the death of 1) Edward the Confessor a battle takes place for the throne of England. In the year 2) 1066 AD, near the town of 3) Hastings; Saxon forces led by 4)Harold Godwinson/ Harold I meet Norman French forces led by 5)William the Bastard/The Conqueror The Normans prove victorious and French speaking conquerors will now rule over a population of Old English speaking Anglo-Saxons. This ends the Anglo Saxon Period/Dark Ages and begins the Middle Ages.

35. 1066 1500 Battle of Hastings Renaissance The Middle Age – In England

36. 1066 1485 Battle of Hastings Renaissance Now… Let’s memorize 1485 AD as end of Medieval Period in England rather than the generalized 1500. The Middle Age – In England

37. 1066 1500 Battle of Hastings Renaissance Now… Let’s memorize 1485 AD as end of Medieval Period in England rather than the generalized 1500. The Middle Age – In England End of the War of the Roses.

38. 1066 1500 Battle of Hastings Renaissance Now… Let’s memorize 1485 AD as end of Medieval Period in England rather than the generalized 1500. The Middle Age – In England End of the War of the Roses. the final battle is… The Battle of Bosworth Field.

39. Update Guided Notes from your Running Notes

40. The Medieval Period… New Topic England - Medieval Warfare

41. The Medieval Period will see England’s warriors involved in 3 large scale conflicts:

42. The Medieval Period will see England’s warriors involved in 3 large scale conflicts: 1. World War - Continents/ World Views

43. The Medieval Period will see England’s warriors involved in 3 large scale conflicts: 1. World War - Continents/ World Views 2. International - Dominance of Land

44. The Medieval Period will see England’s warriors involved in 3 large scale conflicts: 1. World War - Continents/ World Views 2. International - Dominance of Land 3. Civil War - Power struggle in England itself

45. Time line World War - Crusades

46. Time line World War - Crusades International - 100 Years War

47. Time line World War - Crusades International - 100 Years War Civil War -War of the Roses (aka The 30 Years War)

48. THE CRUSADES Between 1095 and 1291

49. THE CRUSADES Between 1095 and 1291 Think roughly 1100 to 1300

50. THE CRUSADES Between 1095 and 1291 Roughly 1100 to 1300 Roughly two centuries

51. CRUSADES With Christian holy sites being overrun by the Muslims, the Pope call for all nations to provide armies.

52. CRUSADES With Christian holy sites being overrun by the Muslims, the Pope call for all nations to provide armies. The Red Cross was an indicator of a Crusader

53. CRUSADES

54. CRUSADES The Crusades last for Centuries.

55. CRUSADES The Crusades last for Centuries. Christian forces find alliance difficult.

56. CRUSADES The Crusades last for Centuries. Christian forces find alliance difficult. Muslims have “home field advantage”

57. CRUSADES The Crusades last for Centuries. Christian forces find alliance difficult. Muslims have “home field advantage” Muslims have advanced technology..

58. CRUSADES The Crusades last for Centuries. Christian forces find alliance difficult. Muslims have “home field advantage” Muslims have advanced technology. Muslims have better leaders: Saladin

59. CRUSADES The Crusades last for Centuries. Christian forces find alliance difficult. Muslims have “home field advantage” Muslims have advanced technology. Muslims have better leaders: Saladin Muslim forces cannot be removed.

60. CRUSADES The Crusades last for Centuries. Christian forces find alliance difficult. Muslims have “home field advantage” Muslims have advanced technology. Muslims have better leaders: Saladin Muslim forces cannot be removed. The efforts of the Christians peter out.

61. 100 YEARS WAR 1337 to 1453

62. 100 YEARS WAR 1337 to 1453 ENGLAND AND FRANCE

63. 100 Years War

64. Normans desire to hold their French lands and also rule in England.

65. 100 Years War Normans desire to hold their French lands and also rule in England. English forces continually invade into France from over a century to try to keep their estates..

66. 100 Years War Normans desire to hold their French lands and also rule in England. English forces continually invade into France from over a century to try to keep their estates. Eventually the English find it impossible to keep these holdings.

67. 100 Years War Great Heroes: – English – Henry V at Agincourt

68. 100 Years War Great Heroes: – French – Joan of Arc at Orleans.

69. War of the Roses 1455 - 1485 aka The 30 Years War

70. War of the Roses Two Powerful Families have a power struggle over the throne of England.

71. War of the Roses Two Powerful Families have a power struggle over the throne of England. House of Lancaster – symbolized by a red rose

72. War of the Roses Two Powerful Families have a power struggle over the throne of England. House of Lancaster – symbolized by a red rose House of York - symbolized by a white rose

73. War of the Roses The Civil War will end when Richard III is defeated by Henry Tudor at Bosworth Field in 1485.

74. War of the Roses The Civil War will end when Richard III is defeated by Henry Tudor at Bosworth Field in 1485. Both families detest the current King, Richard III

75. War of the Roses The Civil War will end when Richard III is defeated by Henry Tudor at Bosworth Field in 1485. Both families detest Richard III Henry Tudor who has with ties to the House of Lancaster marries Elizabeth of the House of York, uniting the households.

76. War of the Roses Henry Tudor who has with ties to the House of Lancaster marries Elizabeth of the House of York, uniting the households.

77. War of the Roses Henry Tudor who has with ties to the House of Lancaster marries Elizabeth of the House of York, uniting the households. A New Line is established, the House of Tudor.

78. Update Guided Notes from your Running Notes

79. The Medieval Period… New Topic A Chronology – Medieval England …with Wars in Mind

80. The Medieval Period… New Topic A Chronology – Medieval England …with Wars in Mind As if we were time travelers rushing through the decades

81. While not a fan favorite, the Brits begin their history with the reign of William I - 1066

82. For the next few centuries the rulers of England will speak French It is said that 200 years after the Norman Conquest of 1066, that the only words King Edward III knew in English were swear word.

83. CRUSADES One of England’s most famous kings, Richard the Lionhearted…

84. CRUSADES One of England’s most famous kings, Richard the Lionhearted… Spoke no English

85. CRUSADES One of England’s most famous kings, Richard the Lionhearted… Spoke no English He spend just 6 months of his 10 year rule in England.

86. CRUSADES Richard the Lionhearted… While away battling in the Holy Wars, leaves his brother John to run the Country. In legend, he feuds with Robin Hood

87. This same King John abuses his power Upsets his Barons

88. Barons force the signing of the Magna Charta at Runnymede

89. Magna Charta Great Charter Reduced absolute power of the King.

90. Magna Charta Great Charter Reduced absolute power of the King. Provides the Lords a veto power over the King.

91. Magna Charta Great Charter Reduced absolute power of the King. Provides the Lords a veto power over the King. Establishes Parliament’s House of Lords

92. Magna Charta, Scholarly & Church matters … all composed in Latin.

93. Scholarly & Church matters … all composed in Latin.

94. Scholarly & Church matters … all composed in Latin. All Europeans did this

95. Universities all taught their lesson in Latin All books were pretty much copied in Latin

96. In England, Government and Legal Matters are still all officially in French in 1300 AD

97. Recall the year 1174?

99. Murder in a Cathedral It is a vicious attack.. Against a defenseless man of God.

100. Murder in a Cathedral Thomas A’Becket Archbishop of Canterbury

101. Great Cathedrals throughout England

102. Westminster Abbey – Coronation Site

103. Winchester Southwark Cathedral Cathedral

104. Great Cathedrals throughout England Cathedral at York Yorkminster

105. 1390’s THE CANTERBURY TALES GEOFFREY CHAUCER

106. Our Father of English Literature had been captured during the Hundred Years War with France GEOFFREY CHAUCER

107. GEOFFREY CHAUCER Chaucer was ransomed back and continued with his writing.

108. Do you recall our other Warriors?

109. England’s France’s King Henry V Joan of Arc

110. War of the Roses 1455 - 1485 aka The 30 Years War

111. House of House of Lancaster York

112. In Shakespeare’s Play… Richard III shouts “a horse, a horse, my kingdom for a horse!”

113. Richard III is slain in the battle.

114. Henry VII is the First of the Tudors Note: Henry VII, Henry VIII, and Elizabeth I Three Generations of eminent Tudor Monarchs

115. With Henry VII’s victory… The Medieval Period has Ended.

116. Update Guided Notes from your Running Notes

117. The Medieval Period… New Topic Medieval English Literature

118. Medieval English Literature: – Tales of Arthur / Romances – Ballads – Drama – Chaucer

119. Medieval English Literature: Tales of Arthur:

120. Medieval English Literature: Tales of Arthur: – Sir Gawain and the Green Knight – Anonymous

121. Medieval English Literature: Tales of Arthur: – Sir Gawain and the Green Kinight – Anonymous – Le Morte D’Arthur – Sir Thomas Malory

122. Medieval English Literature: Modern Arthurian Works The Once and Future King

123. Medieval English Literature: Modern Arthurian Works

124. Medieval English Literature: Modern Arthurian Works

125. Medieval English Literature: Ballads:

126. Medieval English Literature: Ballads: Narrative Songs

127. Medieval English Literature: Characteristics: – Simple Plotlines – Musical: Highly Rhythmic – Typical Themes/ Topics – Repeating Chorus – Usually told in Quatrain Rhyme is ABCB … the 2 nd and 4 th lines

128. Medieval English Literature: Ballads of the Middle Ages: Sir Patrick Spens

129. Medieval English Literature: Ballads of the Middle Ages: Sir Patrick Spens Bonnie Barbara Allan

130. Medieval English Literature: Ballads of the Middle Ages: Sir Patrick Spens Bonnie Barbara Allan The Wife of Usher’s Well Get Up and Bar the Door Robin Hood and the 3 Squires

131. Medieval English Literature: Drama DRAMADRAMADRAMADRAMA

132. Miracle Plays

133. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays: Re-enacting Events of the Bible

134. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays: Re-enacting Events of the Bible Creation, and the fall of LuciferCreation of Adam & Eve Fall of manCain and Abel Noah's floodAbraham and Isaac AnnunciationSecond shepherd's pageant Herod the GreatWoman taken in adultery CrucifixionHarrowing of hell ResurrectionJudgment Everyman.

135. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays – Re-enacting Events of the Bible Morality Plays

136. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays – Re-enacting Events of the Bible Morality Plays - Allegorical Drama / Good vs. Evil

137. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays – Re-enacting Events of the Bible Morality Plays - Allegorical Drama / Good vs. Evil – Characters are often Symbolic Vices and Virtues Contemplation, Perseverance, Imagination, and Free Will. From the morality play Hickscorner.

138. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays Morality Plays – Mankind – Everyman "I pray you all, give audience, And hear this matter with reverence, In the form of a morality play..." Everyman

139. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays Morality Medieval Drama - performed at festivals - performed on feast days

140. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays Morality Plays Performances not in Theaters, but rather … - on Wagon Cart Stages -

141. Medieval English Literature: Drama Miracle Plays Morality Performances not in Theaters, but rather … - on Wagon Cart Stages - on the Steps of a Cathedral -

142. Medieval English Literature: Chaucer Geoffrey Chaucer – The Canterbury Tales

143. Medieval English Literature: Geoffrey Chaucer: The Father of English Literature

144. Medieval English Literature: Geoffrey Chaucer: The Father of English Literature His Masterpiece: The Canterbury Tales

145. The Canterbury Tales -Geoffrey Chaucer Chaucer borrows his framework from Boccaccio's Decameron: Travelers telling Tales.

146. The Canterbury Tales -Geoffrey Chaucer Chaucer borrows his framework from Boccaccio's Decameron: Travelers telling Tales. Chaucer’s plan is for 30 on the pilgrimage to Canterbury to each tell 2 tales on the way, and two returning.

147. The Canterbury Tales -Geoffrey Chaucer Chaucer borrows his framework from Boccoccio’s Decameron: Travelers telling Tales. Chaucer’s plan is for 30 on the pilgrimage to Canterbury to each tell 2 tales on the way, and two returning. Chaucer will only finish 24 of his planned 120 Tales

148. The General Prologue to the Tales Geoffrey Chaucer: The Father of English Literature Pilgrim’s Described

149. The Tales themselves… Chaucer’s Miller’s Tale

150. The Tales themselves… Chaucer’s Miller’s Tale The crude drunk Miller tells a tale of the love quadrangle involving…

151. The Tales themselves… Chaucer’s Miller’s Tale The crude drunk Miller tells a tale of the love quadrangle involving… John the Carpenter Allison - His young wife Handy Nicolas the student Absolom, the parish clerk.

152. The Tales themselves… Chaucer’s Pardoner’s Tale

153. The Tales themselves… Chaucer’s Pardoner’s Tale Money is the Root of all Evil

154. Update Guided Notes from your Running Notes

155. The Medieval Period… New Topic Evolution of the English Language From Old English to Middle English

156. We still need a little chronology of the History of our Language so that our study of Medieval Literature make more sense.

157. 1066A little past the millennium year of 1000, Anglo-Saxon England is conquered by French speakers from just across the English Channel.

158. For the next 3 centuries… …the German sounding Old English of the Angles Saxon Peasants who make up the bulk of the population… … will blend with the French of the new Ruling Class.

159. For the next 3 centuries… …the German sounding Old English of the Angles Saxon peasants who make up the bulk of the population… … will blend with the French of the new Ruling Class.

160. Remember…From 1066 till about 1300 the rulers of England will speak French It is said that 200 years after the Norman Conquest of 1066, that the only words King Edward III knew in English were swear word.

161. Remember…. One of England’s most famous kings, Richard the Lionhearted…

162. Remember… One of England’s most famous kings, Richard the Lionhearted… Spoke no English

163. Remember: The Magna Charta Great Charter 1215 That Reduced absolute power of the King and shared it with the Barons.

164. Remember: The Magna Charta Great Charter 1215 That Reduced absolute power of the King and shared it with the Barons. Both sides of that quarrel... Spoke French.

165. … and the document was written in Latin

166. Scholarly & Church matters … all composed in Latin. All Europeans did this

167. Government and Legal Matters are still all officially in French at 1300 AD

168. Over 10,000 new word will enter the English Language from French

169. There will also be many Grammar compromises Areas of differences will be simplified

170. 1400 By the time we see Chaucer, the language has evolved to a readable new language.

171. We call this new language Middle English

172. Chaucer will choose to write in this new Middle English, rather than the traditional French of the courtly circles or the Latin of Academia.

173. Chaucer will choose to write in this new Middle English, rather than the traditional French of the courtly circles. England and other countries of Europe will see a turn as writers begin to write in their own vernacular.

174. Whan that Aprill with his shoures soote The droghte of March hath perced to the roote, And bathed every veyne in swich licour Of which vertu engendred is the flour, Whan Zephirus eek with his sweete breeth Inspired hath in every holt and heeth The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne Hath in the Ram his halve cours yronne, And smale foweles maken melodye, That slepen al the nyght with open ye (so priketh hem Nature in hir corages), Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages, And palmeres for to seken straunge strondes, To ferne halwes, kowthe in sondry londes; And specially from every shires ende Of Engelond to Caunterbury they wende, The hooly blisful martir for to seke, That hem hath holpen whan that they were seeke. Middle English

175. William Caxton The Printing Press

176. Caxton’s Printing Press will begin to standardize conventions of Spelling and Grammar.

177. Chaucer & Caxton

178. We’re fast approaching Shakespeare and Modern English

179. Update Guided Notes from your Running Notes

180. The End