2. 1. Describe the changes in the world during the 1920’s and 1930’s including changes in technology and the roles of women. 2. List and explain Hitler’s three main goals for Germany as defined in his book.

4. I. Fascist Beliefs and Policies Fascism- militant political movement no clearly defined theory- emphasizes loyalty to state and obedience to its leader Promise to revive economy and punish those responsible for troubles special uniforms, special salutes, held mass rallies to foster unity and support

5. II. Mussolini Comes to Power in Italy Fascism in Italy grew b/c of disappointment over failure to win more territories after WWI, rising inflation, and unemployment Benito Mussolini, newspaper editor, led rise of Fascism by promising to rescue Italy from Depression Mussolini gained support of middle class, aristocracy, and industrial leaders Oct 1922- 30,000 fascists marched on Rome and forcibly placed Mussolini in charge of gov’t

7. A. Il Duce’s Leadership Mussolini now Il Duce (leader) of Italy abolished democracy and outlawed all political parties Fascist writings only thing allowed published or spoken on radio- outlawed strikes Italy model for Fascists countries

8. III. Hitler Takes Control in Germany A. The Rise of the Nazis 1919- little known man, Adolf Hitler joined a political group that believed Germany should overturn Treaty of Versailles National Socialist German Workers Party- or Nazi – created form of fascism called Nazism Hitler’s organizational and public speaking skills allowed him to be chosen as der Fuhrer (leader) of the Nazi party

9. Hitler attempted coup of Germany, he failed, was arrested and sent to prison for 8 months While in prison, he wrote Mein Kampf, (My Struggle) a book outlining his goals for Germany:

10. 1. Unite all German-speaking ppl to form one great German Empire= Third Reich 2. Racial “purification”- believed in an Aryan “master race” destined to rule the world. Other inferior races, such as Jews, Slavs, and other non-whites fit only to serve Aryans 3. National expansion- believed that in order for Germany to thrive it needed more “lebensraum”- living space

11. B. Hitler Becomes Chancellor After Hitler’s release from jail he was generally ignored but when Germany entered another depression they turned to Hitler for help Jan. 30 th, 1933 Conservative leaders appointed Hitler as Chancellor thinking they could control him but Hitler gained total control of gov’t Hitler demanded dictatorial rule for 4 yrs, got it- then turned Germany into a totalitarian state Hitler Speech- RealPlayer/Youtube

12. created Schutzstaffel or SS as a protection squad- wore black uniforms They arrested/murdered 100’s of Hitler’s enemies Nazis took control of economy and soon put millions of Germans to work

13. C. The Fuhrer is Supreme Hitler controls every aspect of German life To gain support he turned press, radio, literature, painting, and film into propaganda tools Hitler burned books that did not agree w/ Nazi beliefs, churches were forbidden to criticize Nazi party, forced children to join Hitler Youth or League of German Girls

14. Supported a policy of anti-Semitism (prejudice against ppl of Jewish heritage), blamed Jews for all of Germany’s problems 1933- Nazi gov’t passed Nuremberg laws depriving Jews of most of their rights, violence against Jews increased