1. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Chapter 14: Methods of Organizing Information College Reading and Study Skills, Ninth Edition by Kathleen T. McWhorter

2. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Objectives:  In this chapter you will learn three different methods of consolidating information from either textbooks or lectures:  Outlining  Summarizing  Mapping  LEARNING PRINCIPLE: Consolidation is a process in which information settles, gels, or takes shape.

3. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Organizing by Outlining An outline must  Show the relative importance of ideas  Show the relationship between ideas  Show what is important  Show how ideas support or explain one another

4. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers When to Use Outlining  When you are using reference books  When you are reading difficult material  When you are asked to write an evaluation  In courses where order or process is important  In the natural sciences where classification is important

5. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers How to Summarize  Define your purpose.  Identify the main point.  Include key supporting information.  Identify key definitions.  Evaluate the importance of details.  Consider the author’s attitude and approach.

6. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Use Summaries When...  Factual, detailed recall is not needed  Preparing for essay exams  Reading literature  Given collateral reading assignments  Completing laboratory experiments  Giving demonstrations

7. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers How to Draw Maps  Identify the overall topic.  Identify the major supporting information.  Draw a new line branching from an idea already mapped to a new detail.

8. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Types of Concept Maps  Time Lines  Process Diagrams  Part/Function Diagrams  Organizational Charts  Comparison-Contrast Charts

9. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers How to Draw a Time Line  Draw a single horizontal line.  Mark it off in yearly intervals.  Write events next to the appropriate year.

10. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Process Diagrams Process diagrams visually present  the steps in a process  the variables related to a process  the parts of a process

11. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers How to Make Organizational Charts  Identify the topic.  Identify major details and connect them to the topic.  Identify minor details and connect them to the major details.

12. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Comparison-Contrast Charts  Based on categorization  Groups information according to similarities  Divides information according to characteristics

13. © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Take a Reading Road Trip!  Take a trip to FLORIDA and visit the Outlining, Summarizing, Mapping, and Paraphrasing module on your CD- ROM.