1. 19-4: Wilson Fights for Peace "The world must be made safe for democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of political liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no conquest, no dominion. We seek no indemnities for ourselves, no compensation for the sacrifices we shall freely make.“ -Woodrow Wilson, April 1917 (Congress)

2. 1918: Wilson delivers Fourteen Points speech to congress What were Wilson’s Points? 1.Open treaties 2.Freedom of the Seas 3.Tariffs lowered to encourage free trade 4.Arms reduction 5.Consideration of the interests of people living in colonies 6-13.Boundary changes and self-determination of ethnic/national groups = let them choose their govt. 14.The formation of the League of Nations

3. 1919: Treaty of Versailles is signed 15.What terms of the treaty specifically affected Germany? War guilt clause 33 billion in reparations Return of Alsace-Lorraine to France Demilitarization

4. What were the weaknesses of the treaty? Humiliated Germany Reparations are too high for Germany to pay off Set Germans against the treaty Stripped Germany of its colonies (needed to pay off debt) Ignored the sacrifices and desires of Russia and ignored the claims of colonized peoples for self-determination

5. 1920: Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles 17. Why did Henry Cabot Lodge object to the treaty? Lodge was suspicious of the provision for joint action against aggression. - He wanted the treaty to declare the right of the U.S. Congress to declare war

6. 1921: Senate again rejects Treaty of Versailles 18. How did the Wilson help bring about the Senate’s rejection of the treaty? Wilson chose an American delegation that failed to include enough Republicans and Senators refused to compromise with Lodge and others who opposed it.

7. 1921: U.S. signs separate treaty with Germany 19.What circumstances at this time would eventually lead many Germans to support Adolf Hitler? Misunderstandings about the reasons for Germany’s loss of the war and the harshness of the Treaty of Versailles contributed to desperate economic conditions in Germany. – The German people will be looking for a leader with new ideas who will bring pride back to their nation.