3. THE SCIENCE OF MARINE BIOLOGY MARINE BIOLOGY IS A MORE GENERAL SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY APPLIED TO THE SEA” THERE ARE NUMEROUS FIELDS OF SCIENCE THAT ARE USED. LIST SOME EXAMPLES MARINE BIOLOGY IS A MORE GENERAL SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY APPLIED TO THE SEA” THERE ARE NUMEROUS FIELDS OF SCIENCE THAT ARE USED. LIST SOME EXAMPLES

4. MARINE BIOLOGY VS. OCEANOGRAPHY

5. James Cook Edward ForbesCharles Darwin

6. IT BEGAN WITH A CLAM BAKE? People started learning about the sea since the first time they saw the ocean Stone age: clambakes were discovered to take place about 3 million years ago Polynesians Around 4000 B.C. Navigation, fishing, trading Hawaii, 500 AD NZ, 1000 AD

7. Phoenicians (2000 B.C.) First to sail Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Eastern Atlantic Ocean, Black Sea, and Indian Ocean

8. ARISTOTLE -Greek philosopher -384-327 B.C. -Described many forms of sea life -RECOGNIZED gills as breathing apparatus of fish

9. Darwin and Forbes The HMS Beagle sailed around the world in 1831 -mapped coastlines; atolls; barnacles; and other sea life The HMS Beagle sailed around the world in 1831 -mapped coastlines; atolls; barnacles; and other sea life Forbes(1815-1854) -focused on sea floor -Believed life was limited to depth (No life past 1800 feet) Forbes(1815-1854) -focused on sea floor -Believed life was limited to depth (No life past 1800 feet)

10. THE H.M.S. CHALLENGER 1872-1876 First oceanographic expedition to circumnavigate the world Discovered thousands of specimens (19 years to publish results) Laid the foundation for modern marine science.

11. Stazione Zoologica Naples, Italy, 1872 (Pictured above) -First Marine lab in the world Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 1888 (Pictured above) first marine lab in the United States Scientists are now able to work from shore

12. SONAR WWII (late 1930’s)  SUBMARINE WARFARE  SONAR SHIP EMITS SOUND (PINGING) AND TIMES HOW LONG IT TAKES TO RETURN (DETERMINES DEPTH) SHIP EMITS SOUND (PINGING) AND TIMES HOW LONG IT TAKES TO RETURN (DETERMINES DEPTH)