1. The Old Kingdom

2. The Scorpion King

3. The (Real) Scorpion King

4. Narmer, First Pharaoh

5. First Dynasty
A DYNASTY is a family of rulers whose right to rule is passed on within the family
Narmer unifies Upper and Lower Egypt in BC as the first pharaoh
PHARAOH was the title of the king (or queen!) of Egypt
They ruled as an absolute monarch, as a living god, and son of Horus

6. The Old Kingdom, BC
A time of peace and prosperity, and great building projects
The Third and Fourth Dynasties are the Golden Age
Mummification comes into use
Height of building PYRAMIDS!!!

7. Step-pyramid of Djoser, Saqqara

8. Sneferu, The Collapsed Pyramid

9. Sneferu, The Bent Pyramid

10. Sneferu, The Red Pyramid

11. Khufu Khufu rules from 2589-2566 BC
Learns from his father Sneferu on how to build
Enlists close to 100,000 workers over 20 years to build a true masterpiece and a wonder of the world

12. The Great Pyramid at Giza

13. The Great Pyramid of Khufu
480 feet tall: was the tallest building in the world for years (Surpassed by the Lincoln Cathedral in AD 1300!)
Each side is 755 feet long
Weighs 5.9 million tons
Has virtually perfect alignment to true north
Stones fit together so perfectly that it is impossible to slip a credit card between them
Remains the largest man-made stone structure on Earth
2.3 million blocks (each block about 10 tons): 12 an hour every hour, non-stop, for 20 years

14. Khafre, Son of Khufu

15. The Necropolis at Giza

16. Mummies Only the pharaoh and the wealthy could afford mummification
Lungs, liver, stomach, and intestines are dried and placed in four Canopic Jars
The body is packed with natron, a type of salt to dry
Heart is left inside while brain is removed with a hook through the nose
Body is washed and perfumed and wrapped: the whole process takes 70 days!

17. Death is Only the Beginning
Pharaohs would have professional wailers at their funerals!
Pharaohs are buried with all of their favorite possessions, foods, and clothes for eternity
Given a special book of spells called The Book of Going Forth by Day to protect and guide them to the afterlife
We call this book The Book of the Dead

18. Journey to Paradise
Egyptians believed that the journey began at sundown and lasted all night
The heart of the dead was weighed against the Feather of Ma’at, goddess of truth
An evil heart was heavier and the heart and soul would be devoured by a crocodile!
A good heart was lighter than the feather and would enter paradise at sunrise of the new day.