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How are Genes Regulated? DNA is present in (almost) all cells. – An exception: RBC Do all genes need to be transcribed into mRNA at the same time in each.

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Presentation on theme: "How are Genes Regulated? DNA is present in (almost) all cells. – An exception: RBC Do all genes need to be transcribed into mRNA at the same time in each."— Presentation transcript:

1 How are Genes Regulated? DNA is present in (almost) all cells. – An exception: RBC Do all genes need to be transcribed into mRNA at the same time in each and every cell? – Ex: Eye cells produce proteins that contribute to eye color. Do muscle cells need to synthesis these proteins?

2 There are “switches” that turn genes “on” and “off” Transcription factors switch genes on and off Some genes are only turned on when needed

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4 Regulation of Insulin Production Insulin is only produced when needed Regulates blood sugar – When blood sugar is high, your pancreas produces and releases insulin – Insulin attaches to cells, and signals them to absorb sugar from the bloodstream

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6 Gene Mutations Linked to Diabetes Type 1: not enough insulin is produced Type 2: missing/non- working receptor protein


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