2. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Positive Sentence : Subject + have / has + verb 3 + ( object ). Negative Sentence : Subject + haven’t / hasn’t + verb 3 + ( object ). Question Form : ( Question Word ) + have / has + subject + verb 3 + ( object ) ? Some Expressions In Present Perfect Tense Lately : Subject + have / has + verb3 + ( object ) + lately Recently : Subject + have / has + verb3 + ( object ) + recently Yet : Subject + haven’t / hasn’t +verb3 + ( object ) + yet. Have / Has + subject + verb3 + ( object ) + yet ? Already : Subject + have / has + already + verb3 + ( object ) Just : Subject + have/ has +just + verb3 + ( object ) Never : Subject + have / has + never + verb3 + ( object ) Ever :Have/Has + subject + ever + verb3 + ( object )

3. For & Since ForTwo years ForAn hour ForFour weeks ForA short time ForMany years For… Since1977 SinceMarch SinceOne o’clock Since Christmas SinceYesterday SinceI was ten years old For + the length of time Since + the starting time We use the present perfect tense with since and for to say how long an action has lasted. We use for with the present perfect tense to refer to a period of time We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that started in the past and continue to the present

4. Starting time Period of time (for 5 years) Since 2000Now 2005 1 I have had piano lessons _for____ ten years. 2 Peter has collected stamps _since____ 2003. 3 Amy has grown flowers __since___ last month. 4 My brother has played football __for___ two years. 5 John and Jenny have been friends __for___ eight months. 6 They have done ballet _since____ 2000. 7 My father has driven his car _since____ 1996.

5. CleanHave/has + cleaned StopHave/Has+stopped FinishHave/Has+ finished PlayHave/Has + played UseHave/Has + used CryHave/Has + cried PaintHave/Has + painted MoveHave/Has + Moved Regular Verbs tidyHave+Has tidied bakeHave+Has baked liveHave+Has lived dieHave+Has died marryHave+Has married carryHave+Has carried stayHave+Has stayed danceHave+Has danced

6. İrregular Verbs BeBeen DrinkDrunk EatEaten DoDone GoGone SwimSwum SpeakSpoken BuyBought Come Become DrawDrawn BreakBroken WriteWritten SpendSpent DriveDriven FallFallen TakeTook RideRode SeeSaw MakeMade GetGot WakeWoken Run StandStood

7. How Long ? How long + have / has + subject + verb + ( object ) ? 1)How long has she collected stamp ? 1) 2) 2) How long have you learnt the piano ? 3) 4) 3) How long have you had a dog ? 4) How long has she stayed in hospital ? 5) How long has he had a holiday ? 5)

8. EXAMPLES Positive Sentences : 1)Melis has made a cake. 2) Ceyda has painted the wall. 3)I have ironed our shirts. 4)The boys have played the basketball. 5)She has eaten pasta. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

9. Negative Sentences : 1)The cat hasn’t drunk milk. 2) You haven’t won the university exam. 3)I haven’t been happy. 4)My father hasn’t had his breakfast. 5)I haven’t watched movies. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

10. Question Form: 1)Have you read the book ? 2) Has your mother been ill ? 3)Have you washed the dishes ? 4 )Has Elif cooked the meal? 5) Where has Efe gone ? 1) 2) 3 ) 4) 5)

11. EXAMPLES Lately : 1)The family has had hopes for the gamble lately. 2) He has had some problems lately. 3) I have eaten an egg lately. 4) You have studied English lately. 5) Beril has got ready for the party. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

12. Recently: 1)Pelin has paid the bill recently. 2) Sena has fed the pet recently. 3) My sister has played the guitar recently. 4) I have gone to school recently. 5) I have bought a big house recently. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5 )

13. Yet: 1)They haven’t done the errands. 2) She hasn’t listened the music. 3) Has the film started yet ? 4) Has she shopped yet ? 5)She hasn’t passed the class. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

14. Already: 1)The man has already eaten the meal in the restaurant 2) The children have already tidied the room 3) I have already swum. 4) She has already played volleyball. 5 ) I have already fallen in love with somebody. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

15. Just : 1)They have just eaten sushi. 2) I have just emptied the dustbin. 3) She has just cleaned the carpet. 4) She has just drunk orange juice. 5) You have just smoked. 1) 2) 3) 4 ) 5)

16. Ever: 1)Have you ever visited Paris or Rome ? 2) Have you ever ridden a horse ? 3) Has she ever written a poem ? 4) Have you ever eaten a sushi ? 5) Have you ever watched the ‘ Titanic ‘ ? 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

17. Never : 1 ) You have never driven a car. 2) I have never tried skiing. 3) I have never travelled abroad. 4)She has never taken a photo. 5) They have never caught a big fish. 1 ) 2 ) 3) 4) 5)

18. Practice 1 : 1 I _________have lived_____ in Hong Kong since 1990 (live) 2 My parents __bought_____ our house in 2000. (buy) 3 Miss Lee ___has taught_______ at my school for two years. (teach) 4 Tom _visited______ his uncle one month ago. (visit) 5 Polly and Dolly ____have been______ friend since last year. (be) 6 The baby ____has slept______ for four hours. (sleep) Practice 2 : Agnes / be / teacher / ten years Agnes has been a teacher for ten years Paul / have / his dog / last month Paul has had his dog since last month Michael / not swim / last summer Michael hasn’t swum since last summer

19. Practice 3 : 1 (do) _Has_______ Mum __done______ the washing _______ ? Yes, she ______has done_________ the washing. 2 (sweep) ___Have_____ Sally and Joe ____swept____ the floor ___yet____ ? No, they____haven’t swept________ the floor _yet____.