1. THE LEVERS IN CLIL METODOLOGIE (Content and Language Integrated Learning)

2. Simple Machine A lever is a simple machine consisting of a beam (structure) or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge (fulcrum). Fulcrum Load Effort “Give me a place to stand and I will move the world” Archimedes

3. Levers of the 1st Order [Class I Levers] In this type of lever the effort and the resistance (load) are situated on either side of the fulcrum. E.a.L.a. Load Effort Fulcrum

4. Levers of the 1st Order [Class I Levers] The distance AF is called the effort arm and the distance BF is called the load arm.

5. Mechanical Advantage The ratio of the effort to the load is the mechanical advantage of the lever, therefore M.A. of the lever = M.A. = 1, M.A. = 1, when Load arm = Effort arm, e.g. beam balance M.A. > 1, M.A. > 1, when Effort arm > Load arm, e.g. Cutting pliers M.A. < 1, M.A. < 1, when Effort arm < Load arm, e.g. Garden scissors e.g. Garden scissors Relative positions of load, fulcrum and effort of class I lever

6. Levers of the 2nd Order [Class II Levers] In these type of levers the load is situated between fulcrum and effort. Effort Load Fulcrum L.a. E.a.

7. Mechanical Advantage M.A. of the lever = As the effort arm is always greater than the load arm. M.A. of class II levers is always > 1. It acts as a force multiplier

8. Levers of the 3rd Order [Class III Levers] In class III levers effort is situated between the load and the fulcrum Effort Load Fulcrum E.a. L.a.

9. Mechanical Advantage M.A. of the lever = Lever of third order as effort is situated between the load and the fulcrum, load arm is always greater than the effort arm. M.A. of class III lever is always < 1

10. The Human Levers I Class I Class L EFL E II Class L EFL E III Class F E E L L

11. Classes Levers Animation

12. Classification Levers Animation

13. Numerical Exercise THE DIAGRAM SHOWS A LEVER IN USE. 1.To which class of lever does it belong? Give one example of this class. 2.Calculate its MA if AB = 2.0 m, AF = 20 cm. 3.Calculate the effort needed to lift the load.

14. Numerical Exercise Question 1: To which class of lever does it belong? Give one example of this class. Suggested Answer 1: Class I, example: scissors

15. Numerical Exercise Question 2: Calculate its MA if AB = 2.0 m, AF = 20 cm. Suggested Answer 2: Load arm = AF = 20 cm. Effort arm = BF = AB – AF = 200 – 20 = 180 cm

16. Numerical Exercice Question 3: Calculate the effort needed to lift the load. Suggested Answer 3: Load arm = AF = 20 cm Effort arm = FB = 180 cm Load = 18 Kgf

17. Exercise in Class 1.A wheelbarrow is driven by a bricklayer who has a force of 100 Kg. If the wheelbarrow has the carrying handle 2 meters long and the distance between the wheel and the transport box measuring 40 cm. What is the limit for transport bricklayer? 2.In a first class lever the sum of the resistance and the power is 90 kg and the power is half of the resistance. Compute the length of the arm of power, knowing that his arm strength is 2 m. 3.A boy raises a case of 750 kg using a lever of the first kind formed by a long rod 2 and a half meters. Place your focus to 30cm from the chest. How much force to use to raise cash?

18. Exercise at Home 1.A balance has both arms extended 1m. A 30 cm from the fulcrum, in the right arm, there is a weight of 20 kg. At what distance from the end of the left arm I place a weight of 60 kg to equilibrate the balance? 2.In a lever the resistance is 20 kg, the arm of the power is 10 cm and the arm of the resistance is 3/2 of the other. Compute: a)What power is used to balance the lever. b)The types of leverage that can be formed. 3.In a lever the resistance is 17 kg and the arm of the resistance is three times the arm of the power. Compute: a)What power is used to balance the lever. b)The type of leverage.

19. Size 4 group of students from 5 member and use the word in the table for create a crossword in the website: Crossword Puzzle Maker. Found you the definitions. Crossword Puzzle Maker. Found you the definitions.Crossword Puzzle MakerCrossword Puzzle Maker At end print the final crossword. Another exchange your crossword whit the other groups and solve. Work in Group Simple Machine BeamStructureFulcrumLoadEffort Load arm Effort arm Levers of the 1St Order Levers of the 2nd Order Levers of the 3rd Order MechanicalAdvantage Beam Balance Cutting Plier Garden Scissor NutcrackerPushupWheelbarrowStaplerCorkscrewBroom Ice Tongs Fishing Rod HeadArmFoot

20. Exit Test 1.In a lever the power is 3 kg and the strength of 8 kg. If the sum of the arms is 33 cm, calculate: a)The arms of the lever; b)ranking the lever on the basis of the results obtained. 2.In a lever in equilibrium, the resistance 35 Kg and has an arm of 40 cm. Knowing that the entire lever is long 56 cm, calculate: a)The power. b)Then define the genre and type of lever. c)How many and what kinds of leverage you can build with the data you have.