1. Development of the Regional Arctic Climate System Model (RACM) --- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Washington May, 2010 Performance of the VIC land surface model in coupled and uncoupled simulations

2. Current Status The macroscale hydrology model VIC has been successfully coupled with WRF through CCSM4 flux coupler CPL7. WRF/VIC successfully runs more than 6 months over Arctic in wr50a grid with ocean and sea ice as a data model. Currently WRF/VIC is basically ready for long-time (multi-year) simulation since VIC has restart function and also is able to produce its own output.

3. Simultations WRF-VIC : WRF/VIC coupled simulation over the Arctic region in the wr50a grid (Jan. – Jun. 2003) with ocean and sea ice conditions prescribed (“data model”). Initial and boundary conditions are from FNL. VIC-obs: VIC Offline Simulations of the Arctic domain (1990-2003) at 50km resolution driven by meteorological observation (provided by Xiaogang Shi). WRF-noah: Original WRF simulation (by Joan Cassano’s group over wr50a grid driven by NCEP- 2 reanalysis data(Sep. 2000 - ). WRF2: Original WRF simulation (by JuanXiong He ) over wr50a grid driven by FNL (Jan. 1 - 15 2003 ). SST

4. Modeling Framework Arctic Domain wr50a resolution runs: Jan. – June. 2003 Configuration WV (WRF/VIC) Features specific to Cold- Land Processes: Two-layer energy balance snow model (Storck et al. 1999) Frozen soil/permafrost algorithm (Cherkauer et al. 1999, 2003) Lakes and wetlands model (Bowling et al. 2004) Blowing snow algorithm (Bowling et al. 2004)

5. Validation of coupled WRF/VIC modeling system WRF/VIC Precipitation JFM 2003 AMJ 2003 Observation WRF/VIC produces drier climate especially over Russia, Finland, Sweden and Norway.

6. Validation of coupled WRF/VIC modeling system WRF/VICObservation JFM 2003 AMJ 2003 WRF/VIC basically captures temperature pattern but has significantly cold bias over Russia.

7. VIC offline simulation ------ VIC in coupled environment

8. Surface Runoff JFM AMJ WRF/VICVIC-ObsNCEP-2

9. Snow Water Equivalent Field JFM AMJ WRF/VICVIC-ObsNCEP-2

10. Latent Heat JFM AMJ WRF/VICVIC-ObsNCEP-2

11. Sensible Heat JFM AMJ WRF/VICVIC-ObsNCEP-2

12. Surface Skin Temperature JFM AMJ WRF/VICVIC-ObsNCEP-2

13. First Layer Soil Temperature JFM AMJ WRF/VICVIC-ObsNCEP-2

14. WRF/VIC ------ WRF-noah

15. Precipitation --- WRF-VICWRF-noah WRF2 JFM AMJ WRF-VIC Jan. 1-15

16. Surface Air Temperature --- WRF-VIC WRF-noah WRF2 JFM AMJ WRF-VIC Jan. 1-15

17. Surface Runoff --- WRF-VICWRF-noah

18. Snow Water Equivalent Field---- WRF-VIC WRF-noah WRF2 WRF-VIC Jan. 1-15 JFM AMJ

19. Latent Heat --- WRF-VICWRF-noah

20. Sensible Heat --- WRF-VICWRF-noah

21. Surface Skin Temperature --- WRF-VICWRF-noahWRF2

22. First Layer Soil Temperature WRF-VICWRF-noahWRF2

23. Parrellizing VIC land model in CCSM system to improve computing performance. Implement VIC routing model into RACM Rout surface and subsurface runoff into rivers Future Work Performing multi-year simulation to evaluate the model performance