1. Frank Helmich, Co-head of SRON’s astrophysics program Groningen Introduction to SRON

2. Overview Institute Institute Program & Strategy Program & Strategy Implementation of the SRON program: Athena & SPICA Implementation of the SRON program: Athena & SPICA A package for COrE+? A package for COrE+? Possibilities and impossibilities Possibilities and impossibilities KID description/development by Jochem Baselmans KID description/development by Jochem Baselmans Questions will be answered by Andrey Barychev, Jochem Baselmans and Frank Helmich Questions will be answered by Andrey Barychev, Jochem Baselmans and Frank Helmich 2

3. Some facts (1) Space research in the Netherlands: Originated in the early 1960s at universities. Since 1983 an institute of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). Mission of SRON: Contribute to world class space science by the definition and development of cutting-edge space instrumentation for astrophysics and Earth & exo-planetary science, and analysing/exploiting the data produced by these instruments. Advise the Dutch government and coordinate the national participation in international space research programs, in particular those of the European Space Agency (ESA). Ambition: Acquire PI-contributions or similar leading roles in missions of ESA, NASA and other space agencies: responsibility for enabling technology and/or performance critical instrument parts. 3

4. 4 Some facts (2) Utrecht: appr. 150 staff; 9100 m 2 Budget Budget: approx. 21 M€ (2014) 2/3 as structural funding. Groningen: appr. 50 staff; 2100 m 2 Locations Locations: Groningen Utrecht. Staff Staff: approx. 200 staff (140 fixed & 60 temp. contracts) 90 technical / scientific research staff 60 technical staff 50 other staff.

5. 5 ‘Expertise institute’ Scientific research Scientific research in cooperation with (inter)national (university) research groups. Enabling technology Enabling technology in cooperation with ESA and (inter)national institutes of technology. Instrument development Instrument development in broad international consortia, with industry; national cooperation with Dutch Space and TNO.

6. 6 SRON research themes Astrophysics The hot evolving Universe, and properties and evolution of black holes and neutron stars (high-energy astrophysics) The cool and obscured Universe, birth of stars and planets, evolution of stars and galaxies (low-energy astrophysics). Earth-oriented science Atmospheric composition and chemistry (ozone, methane, CO 2,, aerosols, etc.). Exo-planetary science (building up) Characterization of atmospheres of exo-planets.

7. 7 Scientific satellites with SRON contributions ESRO-2 ESRO1968ISOESA1995 OGO-5 NASA1968BEPPOSAXNIVR/ASI1996 TD-1A ESRO1972XMM-NEWTONESA1999 ESRO-4 ESRO1972CHANDRANASA1999 ANS NIVR1974ENVISATESA2002 COS-B ESA1975INTEGRALESA2002 ISEE-3 NASA1978AKARIJAXA2006 EINSTEIN NASA1978GOCEESA2009 SMM NASA1980HERSCHELESA2009 IRAS NIVR/NASA1983LISA PFESA 2015 EXOSAT ESA1983ASTRO-HJAXA2015 MIR/COMIS IKI1987SENTINEL 5 PrecESA2016 MIR/COMIS IKI1987SENTINEL 5 PrecESA2016 HIPPARCOS ESA1989 SENTINEL 5ESA2019 HIPPARCOS ESA1989 SENTINEL 5ESA2019 COMPTON GRO NASA1991 (SPICAJAXA/ESA 2028?) COMPTON GRO NASA1991 (SPICAJAXA/ESA 2028?) ATHENAESA2028

8. Hot universe: ATHENA+ Large x-ray observatory, in 2013 selected in ESA Cosmic Vision program Large x-ray observatory, in 2013 selected in ESA Cosmic Vision program SRON contribution: sensor system for integral field unit spectrograph, co-Principal Investigator role SRON contribution: sensor system for integral field unit spectrograph, co-Principal Investigator role 8

9. 9 Cool Universe: SPICA/SAFARI (2028?) Mission SRON contribution (PI) Results? SPICA/SAFARI. Japanese mission; collaboration with Europe, USA & Korea Management, design and construction of the SAFARI instrument, TES- detectors Infrared spectros- copy & imaging. Study of formation & evolution of the universe, galaxies, planetary systems

10. Detectors In order to understand the data, the signal path needs to be understood in full detail. Besides full instrument development and characterization, SRON specializes in detector technology In order to understand the data, the signal path needs to be understood in full detail. Besides full instrument development and characterization, SRON specializes in detector technology Therefore SRON has developed Therefore SRON has developed heterodyne mixers for Herschel/HIFI heterodyne mixers for Herschel/HIFI Ultrasensitive TES detectors are under development for SPICA/SAFARI & for Athena/XIFU Ultrasensitive TES detectors are under development for SPICA/SAFARI & for Athena/XIFU KID detectors are under development for ground- based/balloon borne instrumentation and as the next generation after TES for space KID detectors are under development for ground- based/balloon borne instrumentation and as the next generation after TES for space Our current KID detectors are a very good fit to COrE+, although development is still required Our current KID detectors are a very good fit to COrE+, although development is still required 10

11. Cleanroom: Ultra sensitive sensors (e.g.) 9

12. SRON package? & University package? Development and delivery of KID detector chips for high frequencies and possibly lowest frequency Development and delivery of KID detector chips for high frequencies and possibly lowest frequency Systems engineering of the read-out electronics Systems engineering of the read-out electronics Integration of detector chip and hornarray(TBC!!) Integration of detector chip and hornarray(TBC!!) Lab testing and characterization of combined horn/detector array Lab testing and characterization of combined horn/detector array Support to system integration/verification and science ground segment Support to system integration/verification and science ground segment Dutch community: Science preparation activities Dutch community: Science preparation activities Visit of CAS National Space Science Center 20/10/1412

13. Possibilities and impossibilities SRON received 18 M€ from NWO’s Roadmap program for large scale infrastructures for SPICA SRON received 18 M€ from NWO’s Roadmap program for large scale infrastructures for SPICA For Athena/XIFU (selected mission) a grant proposal to NWO (roadmap or groot) will be prepared For Athena/XIFU (selected mission) a grant proposal to NWO (roadmap or groot) will be prepared Going to NWO for another grant is likely unsuccessful. Other sources of money are necessary! Can FOM help here? Going to NWO for another grant is likely unsuccessful. Other sources of money are necessary! Can FOM help here? 13

14. Procedure within SRON Costing of SRON contribution: both study phase and estimate for the Cost at Completion (CaC) Costing of SRON contribution: both study phase and estimate for the Cost at Completion (CaC) Identification of the Dutch supporters for the proposal Identification of the Dutch supporters for the proposal Identifying possible sources for external money Identifying possible sources for external money The project will be discussed in the SRON Program Board The project will be discussed in the SRON Program Board The Directors will decide on the go-ahead The Directors will decide on the go-ahead All this needs to be done before the Letter of Support can be signed, so before December 15, 2014 All this needs to be done before the Letter of Support can be signed, so before December 15, 2014 14

15. 15

16. Discussion I) General scientific questions Do we support a future CMB B-mode experiment? Is a ground-based CMB B-mode experiment (around 2020) scientifically interesting and relevant? - what should the scientific targets be? Is a space-based CMB B-mode experiment (around 2025) scientifically interesting and relevant? - what should the scientific targets be? To what extent are these complementary? 16

17. Discussion II) Specific Dutch role Should the Dutch community participate in e.g. QUBIC / CoRe+? What do hope to gain by participation? Are we willing to help to find resources for this? 17

18. Discussion III) Timeline Do we support the inclusion of the Dutch community in the January 2015 proposal for ESA? What is expected of the Dutch community, should CoRe+ be funded? IV) May we have your votes please? Do you support the proposal for a Dutch participation in CoRe+? Do you want play an active role in the development / data analysis of the experiment? III) Timeline Do we support the inclusion of the Dutch community in the January 2015 proposal for ESA? What is expected of the Dutch community, should CoRe+ be funded? IV) May we have your votes please? Do you support the proposal for a Dutch participation in CoRe+? Do you want play an active role in the development / data analysis of the experiment? 18