2. TAXATION

3.  French and Indian War cost a lot of money.  Parliament (the British government) decided to tax to colonies to help pay for it.  The first tax was the Sugar Act of 1764.  Stamp Act of 1765 placed.  This tax upset the colonists even more.  ۝۝ ۝۝

4.  SO…WHY WERE THEY UPSET??? › Taxation without representation! › VICE ADMIRALTY COURTS  Judges get 5% of booty on confiscated goods

5.  BAN ON COLONIAL CURRENCY.  ONLY CAN USE “HARD MONEY”  WHY ARE THE BRITISH DOING THIS?  WHY ARE THE COLONISTS UPSET?

6.  if soldiers outnumbered the housing available, would quarter them : "in inns, livery stables, ale houses, victualing houses, and the houses of sellers of wine and houses of persons selling of rum, brandy, strong water, cider or metheglin", and if numbers required in "uninhabited houses, outhouses, barns, or other buildings"... "upon neglect or refusal of such governor and council in any province", required any inhabitants (or in their absence, public officials) to provide them with food and alcohol, and providing for "fire, candles, vinegar, salt, bedding, and utensils" for the soldiers "without paying any thing for the same“ metheglin How did the colonists respond?

7.  9 of 13 Colonies Attended…  Issued DECLARATION OF RIGHTS AND GRIEVANCES  Only the colonial assemblies had a right to tax the colonies. (no taxation without representation).no taxation without representation  Trial by jury was a right, and the use of Admiralty Courts was abusive. Trial by juryAdmiralty Courts  Colonists possessed all the Rights of Englishmen. Rights of Englishmen  Without voting rights, Parliament could not represent the colonistsvoting rights

8. American political cartoon showing a man aiming a gun at a man representing colonial America; He tells a British member of Parliament, "I give you that man's money for my use", to which the American responds by saying, "I will not be robbed". Boston is burning in the background.

9.  Samuel Adams › Sons of Liberty › “tarring and feathering”  Liberty Tree

10.  Samuel Adams led the protests in Boston against the taxes.  He began a secret society called the Sons of Liberty.  Daughters of Liberty

11.  The Sons of Liberty used violence to scare off the tax collectors.  The Stamp Act was repealed because of all the protests.

12.  On what? › Paper, lead, tea, etc.  Colonial Responses: › Boycotts of British goods - tea

13.  The colonists claimed “no taxation without representation” because they were being taxed but had no vote in Parliament and had no say in how the colonies were being governed.  Non-importation agreement › The colonists started a boycott, or a refusal to buy certain goods, from the Britis h.

17.  Colonial men were shouting insults at the British soldiers.  They started throwing things, probably snow balls and rocks.  Someone yelled “fire” and the Red Coats (what the British soldiers were called) shot.  Five colonists were killed. These were the first Americans killed in the War for Independence.  Sam Adams started calling the incident the Boston Massacre. He used the incident to get more people angry at the British.  Things quickly calm down

18. Press for video

19.  in Massachusetts  Why does this outrage colonists? › Hint: who will be appointed?  loyal powerful people, who see the movement as an infiltration of their systems.

20.  Royal ship Gaspee pursued a suspected smuggler of coast of Rhode island › Ship ran aground › Citizens burned the ship › R.I. convicted captain of illegal seizure › Citizens refused to cooperate with British authorities › Sam Adams propaganda machine uses to his advantage

21.  Boston created a Committee of Correspondence › To gain support of other colonies › British response: “the foulest, subtlest, and most venomous serpent ever issued from the egg of sedition.” › Sam Adams rises to the top of Boston radicals

22.  Who was this supposed to help? › to save the East India Company › eliminates all competition for the East India Company › Cheaper tea for the colonists  Who would it hurt? › Colonial tea smugglers – Dutch tea › Colonial sovereignty – the right for Parliament to tax colonists

23.  Colonists dressed up like Mohawk Indians and boarded three British ships full of tea.  The colonists dumped all the tea into the harbor, about 90,000 pounds.  King George III, Parliament was furious! WHY? ☺☺

26. Political cartoon showing the reaction to the Boston Tea Party

27.  Boston was not the only city to have a “tea party.”  They took place in Charleston, New York, Annapolis, and others. The burning of the Peggy Stewart in Annapolis.

28.  The Edenton Tea Party was one of the earliest organized women’s political actions in United States history. The women joined in the boycott of British tea.

29.  Laws passed to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party.  The port of Boston was closed until the tea was paid for.  A NEW Quartering Act was put into place which forced colonists to quarter, or house and supply British soldiers.

30.  English worried that French Canadians were not loyal.  Gave them OHIO.  Administered Quebec separately.

31.  A group of important men met to discuss the crisis in the colonies.  Militias were set up. (citizen soldiers) ☺☺

32.  The Liberty Kids  The Muppets

35.  Spring of 1775 Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts) NextCoercive

36. 1. Closed Port of Boston until colonists paid for the tea 2. Barred local courts from trying British soldiers for acts committed while putting down civil disturbances 3. Amended Mass charter: upper legislative chamber now appointed by Governor 4. Governor could prohibit all town meetings 5. Gen. Thomas Gage replaced Thomas Hutchinson as Governor of MA *Strangle MA into submission and the other colonies would follow

37. Lexington and Concord http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=hiIFRCk1hxY 273 British and 95 Americans died

38.  By the rude bridge that arched the flood, Their flag to April’s breeze unfurled, Here once the embattled farmers stood, And fired the shot heard round the world. The foe long since in silence slept; Alike the conqueror silent sleeps; And Time the ruined bridge has swept Down the dark stream which seaward creeps. On this green bank, by this soft stream, We set to-day a votive stone; That memory may their deed redeem, When, like our sires, our sons are gone. Spirit, that made those spirits dare, To die, and leave their children free, Bid Time and Nature gently spare The shaft we raise to them and thee.

39.  Ethan Allen and Green Mountain Boys captured Fort Ticonderoga in May 1775

41.  besieged the British troops in Boston  Second Continental Congress, May 1775, Philadelphia › authorized a continental army of 20,000 › George Washington in charge › “Olive Branch Petition” › “Declaration of Causes of Taking-up Arms” › Made moves to secure the neutrality of the Native American tribes › Issued paper money and approved plans for a military hospital

42. June 17, 1775, Battle of Bunker Hill Pyrrhic Victory (for British) 800 wounded, 226 killed (British) Officers 115 killed, 304 wounded At end of 1775, the king sent 20,000 additional troops to the colonies to suppress the insurrection January 1776 the British shelled Norfolk, Virginia Revolutionary leaders understood there was no going back

43.  January 9, 1776, Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense described the outrages of the English government in plain language that inflamed the masses › Denied the legitimacy of monarchy › Went through 25 editions within the year and sold more copies than any printed piece in colonial history › Upset Whig leaders with pungent rhetoric and egalitarian call for ending hereditary privilege and concentrated power

44.  When England embargoed all trade to the colonies and seized American ships, Congress declared American ports open to all countries  A congressional committee chaired by Thomas Jefferson produced the Declaration of Independence and distributed it to the world on July 4, 1776  huz·zah also huz·za (h-zä) interj. Used to express joy, encouragement, or triumph. › n. 1. A shout of "huzzah." › 2. A cheer.  It’s too late to apologize It’s too late to apologize