1. WAY BACK WEDNESDAY! (GEE Prep) Catalyst – February 8*3, 2010 HW OUT 1) The most important nonspecific defense against pathogens is your a. Tears b. Mucus c. Saliva d. Skin 2) The swelling and pain associated with an inflammatory response are caused by a. Secretion of antibodies b. Expansion of local blood vessels c. Secretion of antigens d. White blood cells destroying bacteria 3) A protein that helps other cells resist viral infection is a. Interferon b. Penicillin c. Predispose d. Histamine 4) A substance that triggers the specific defenses of the immune system is a (n) a. Antibody b. Antigen c. B cell d. Pathogen

2. Today’s Agenda  Catalyst  Graphing ABCs and Practice  Atomic Size – Figure out the trends with graphs!  Work Time  Exit Question (2 nd Period: GEE Time) HOMEWORK: ATOMIC SIZE GEE PACKET DUE FRIDAY! TEST CORRECTIONS DUE FRIDAY!

3. Today’s Objectives  SWBAT graph like a rock star!  SWBAT determine the periodic trends for atomic size.

4. Front DoorProjector 2nd Period Group 3 Tyler, Johneisha, Montronique, Marlon Group 2 Quincy, Akiya, Shante, Howard Group 1 Annquinette, Sedric, Keiara, Josh D. Group 6 Angel, Erica, Josh T., Kayla Group 5 Chris, Brandi, Durand, Angelica Group 9 Lashannia, Heidi, Jeremiah, Jacob Group 8 J’nae, George, Tierra Group 4 Taylor, Ashley, Tracy, Alex Group 7 Johnika, Rodneisha K., LaRatio

5. Front DoorProjector 4th Period Group 3 Kendall, Stephen, Darneisha, Brittney Group 2 Chasity, Adam, Jamal, Cornell Group 1 Raven, Desmond, Holloway, Martha Group 6 Jeanette, Selena, Quoc, Thuy Group 5 Deston, Mankisha, Katie, Treshon Group 4 Kevin, Tatiyaan, Arthur, Brhea Group 9 Haley, Frank, Taylor Group 8 Wilbert, Kenisha, Jarion Group 7 Celeste, Hannah, Jemeca

6. Front DoorProjector 5th Period Group 3 Gina, Timberly, Jesse, Jasmine Group 2 Natosha, James, Ida, Felix Group 1 Stephon, Paul, Tyler, Chyna Group 6 Mikell, Justin, Breonne, Chassidy Group 5 Rikki, Aujuan, Jandolyn, Breionna H. Group 4 Mason, Brianna M.M Nathan, Mario Group 9 Group 8 Qiana, De’Jonel, Desman Group 7 Maghan, Granville, J’Don, Dominique

7. On to the real stuff!  GRAPHS AND CHARTS are ALL OVER the GEE and ACT  Being able to interpret them is a skill you need to DOMINATE these tests!  Many newspapers and magazines will put data in different kinds of texts and you need to practice how to read them!

8. Why do scientists use graphs?  To organize, compare, and display experimental data  To make calculations and predictions

9. Old Notes on Graphing…  When looking at a graph, always determine: 1. What question was the scientist was trying to answer? 2. What conclusions can be made from the graph? 3. What future experiments could be done?

10. What the Chemistry Studs need to say to Mr. LY’s Classes….

11. How to Graph (Copy steps down!) Key Point #1: To graph…  Label axes (x = IV, y = DV)  Title graph (y-axis vs. x-axis)  Determine scales (using data ranges)  Plot each point (x,y)  Draw trend line (line of best fit) (use a ruler)

12. Review!  Valence electrons are…?  Electrons in the outermost energy level

13. Graph One – Practice!  Number of Valence Electrons vs. Family on the Periodic Table  What’s the x-axis?  What’s the y-axis?  Let’s make a table of data first!

14. Valence Electrons vs. Family Family on the Periodic Table (x-axis) Number of Valence Electrons (y-axis) Alkali Metals (1) Alkaline Earth Metals (2) Boron’s Group (13) Carbon’s Group (14) Nitrogen’s Group (15) Oxygen’s Group (16) Halogens (17) Noble Gases 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

15. What is Atomic Size?  Atomic size is…  How big an atom is  Also known as atomic radius radius

16. Graphing Atomic Size (Radii)  Draw 2 line graphs (one with Ms. Stroh, one totally on your own!)  x-axis: Element  y-axis: Atomic Radius (picometers)

17. Elements and their Atomic Radii Element (x-axis) Atomic Radius (picometers) (y-axis) Hydrogen37 Lithium152 Sodium186 Potassium227 Rubidium248 Cesium265 1 picometer = 1 x 10 -12 m Element (x-axis) Atomic Radius (picometers) (y-axis) Lithium152 Beryllium112 Boron85 Carbon77 Nitrogen75 Oxygen73 Fluorine72 Neon71 12

18. How to make a good scale?? 1. Determine the smallest and the biggest number in the data set (data range)  In Table 1, these numbers are 37 and 265 2. Count the number of lines available on graph paper  In this case, we have??? 3. Make a break if data is FAR AWAY from zero! 4. Divide the data range into even intervals  Go by 1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, 50s, 100s, etc…  You want numbers that can easily be divided into parts (halves, thirds, fourths)

19. Atomic Size – Graph 1 Li HNaKRbCs

20. Atomic Size – Graph 2 Li BeBCNOF Ne

21. What trend(s) do you notice?

22. Atomic size DECREASES as you go left to right across the PT Atomic size INCREAESES as you go down the PT

24. Atomic Size Trend Key Point #2: Atomic size increases as you go down the periodic table and decreases as you go left to right across the periodic table.

25. Practice Problems  Rank the following elements in order of increasing atomic size based on location on the periodic table (smallest to biggest) Fr, Sc, P, Pd F, As, Tl, S P, Sc, Pd, Fr Fluorine, Sulfur, Arsenic, Thallium

26. Practice Time! 1. T or F? Atomic size decreases as you move right across the periodic table. 2. T or F? As you move down the Periodic Table, atoms get smaller. 3. Rank the following sets of elements in order of increasing atomic size (small  big). Set A: Bh, Mn, Re, TcSet B: Sb, I, Ag, Ru Set C: Y, Ti, Sg, Ta 4. Rank the following sets of elements in order of decreasing atomic size (big  small). Set A: Cl, At, I, F, BrSet B: Te, Xe, Sn, In Set C: Rb, K, Sr, Ca

27. Add to BACK of Homework Paper!  Copy the following table onto your paper and graph the data   Use a ruler to make straight axis lines! Study Time (minutes) Score on Test (Percentage) 1033 2246 3561 6785 9395

28. Exit Question 1. What is atomic radius? 2. Why does Phosphorus have a larger atomic radius than Nitrogen? 3. Why does Fluorine have a smaller atomic radius than Lithium?