1. CHAPTER 1 PHYSICAL SCIENCE
SCIENCE SKILLS
CHAPTER 1
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

2. Section 1

3. VOCABULARY SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY CHEMISTRY PHYSICS GEOLOGY ASTRONOMY
BIOLOGY

4. SCIENCE FROM CURIOSITY
SCIENCE: is a system of knowledge and the methods you use to find that knowledge
Science begins with curiosity and often ends with discovery

5. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Technology: use of knowledge to solve practical problems
Science and technology are interdependent…advances in one lead to advances in the other.

6. BRANCHES OF SCIENCE
Natural science is generally broken down into three branches:
Physical Science
Chemistry
physics
Earth and Space Science
Geology
astronomy
Life Science
biology

7. Big Ideas of Physical Science
Space and time: the universe is very old and extremely large
Matter and Change: a very small portion of the universe is made up of matter..rest is empty space
Forces and Motion: if you push on something it moves or it moves you

8. Section 2

9. VOCABULARY SCIENTIFIC METHOD OBSERVATION HYPOTHESIS
MANIPULATED VARIABLE
RESPONDING VARIABLE
CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT
SCIENTIFIC THEORY
SCIENTIFIC LAW
MODEL

10. Scientific Methods PROBLEM (Question??)
OBSERVE (watch the world around you)
HYPOTHESIZE (what do you think?)
EXPERIMENT (test your hypothesis)
CONCLUSION (does hypothesis work?)
THEORY (explanation of hypothesis)

11. Scientific Laws
Describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it. The explanation of such a pattern is provided by a scientific theory
Examples:

12. Scientific Models
Make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to observe directly
A globe shows how the earth tilts on and rotates around an axis…you can’t see it directly from here

13. Working Safely in Science
You must use safe procedures when performing any experiment.
It is important to follow safety rules at all times
If you are ever in doubt about a procedure…STOP and ask

14. SECTION 3

15. VOCABULARY SCIENTIFIC NOTATION LENGTH MASS VOLUME DENSITY
CONVERSION FACTOR
PRECISION
SIGNIFICANT FIGURE
ACCURACY
THERMOMETER

16. Using Scientific Notation
Scientific notation makes very large or very small numbers easier to work with.
789,230,000,000,000 =
2.34 x = =

17. SI Units of Measurement
SI = International System of Units
Seven Base Units
Length
Mass
Temperature
Time
Amount of Substance
Electric Current
Luminous Intensity
SI Prefixes
Kilo = x 1000
Centi = x 0.01
Milli = x 0.001
See chart on pg 17 for other prefixes

18. Limits of Measurement
The precision of a calculated answer is limited by the least precise measurement used in the calculations
What is the difference between accuracy and precision?

19. Measuring Temperature
Uses a thermometer of some sort
Two different scales
Fahrenheit °F
Celsius ° C
SI unit
Kelvin K
ºC = K

20. SECTION 4

21. VOCABULARY
SLOPE
DIRECT PROPORTION
INVERSE PROPORTION

22. Organizing Data
Scientists can organize data by using data tables and graphs
Makes it easier to spot trends or patterns

23. LINE GRAPHS SLOPE = rise/run
Rise = the change in the y-axis variable
Run = the change in the x-axis variable
Direct Proportion – ratio of two variables is constant
Inverse Proportion – the product of two variables is a constant

24. OTHER GRAPHS
BAR GRAPH
CIRCLE GRAPH

25. Communicating Data
Scientists communicate data by publishing in scientific journals or speaking at conferences
Data is also now shared through , phone conversations and web sites