1. 8.1 Energy and ATP

2. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs  Energy that living things need, originates from the sun  Autotrophs- trap energy from the sun to make their own food  Heterotrophs- get their energy by consuming food (other organisms  Heterotrophs- get their energy by consuming food (other organisms)

3. Chemical Energy and ATP  Energy comes in many forms  Light, heat, electricity and can be stored in compounds  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= o_5oYuDY2qM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= o_5oYuDY2qM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= o_5oYuDY2qM  ATP (adenosine triphosphate) stores energy in its bonds  Cells use it to store and release energy

4. ATP  Consists of adenine, a 5-carbon sugar (ribose) and three phosphate groups  The phosphates are key to storing energy

5. Question of knowing  ATP consists of what three parts?

6. Answer  Adenine, a 5- carbon sugar, and three phosphates  https://www.youtu be.com/watch?v= 4S6X7qaLjvk https://www.youtu be.com/watch?v= 4S6X7qaLjvk

7. Storing Energy in ATP  Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) – similar to ATP but only has two phosphates.  When a cell wants to store energy it adds a phosphate to ADP to make ATP

8. ATP is like a Battery  Picture ATP as a charged battery  ATP provides the energy needed to carry out many functions in the cell  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JeGx2Nalhtg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JeGx2Nalhtg  ATP = 3 phosphates = stored energy  ADP = 2 phosphates = energy already released

9. Storing Energy

10. Releasing Energy  Energy stored in ATP is released by taking away a phosphate  ATP can provide energy for active transport, protein synthesis etc.

11. Releasing Energy

12. Question of Knowing  When a phosphate is added to ADP, a small amount of energy is __________.  When a phosphate is removed from ATP, energy is __________.

13. Answer  Stored; Released

14. ATP use  ATP is constantly being used and renewed in cells.  Only a small amount of ATP is present in cells  Good for transferring and using energy, but not great for storage  Most energy is stored in sugars and starches and then broken down into ATP when needed