1.  Answer true or false (using your flip cards) to the following questions:  1. All living things are able to capture the energy of sunlight and use it to power their life processes.  False!  2. Many animals exhale carbon dioxide, CO 2, as waste product, but plants need CO 2 to live.  True!  3. The oxygen in our atmosphere comes from plants.  True!  4. Matter is always a lot heavier than energy.  True!  5. Matter takes up less space than energy.  False!

2. Mrs. Williams Freshman Biology Semester One

3.  Step 1  Convert sunlight energy in to chemical food energy  Ends in Glucose  Step 2  Convert chemical food energy into energy that the cell can use  Ends in ATP

4.  Plants do step 1 with chloroplasts  Plants do step 2 with mitochondria  Because plants make their own food and then eat it, they are called autotrophs

5.  Only do step 2 with mitochondria  Because animals must eat food that others have made, they are called heterotrophs.

7.  Convert sunlight energy into glucose  Chloroplast performs photosynthesis  Plants, algae, some bacteria, and some protists all perform photosynthesis  Overall reaction:  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 BrainPop Photosynthesis

8.  Found only in plant cells  Thylakoid: coin-shape structure containing chlorophyll and proteins; also called photosystems  Grana- stacks of thylakoids  Stroma- fluid inside chloroplast (similar to cytoplasm)

9.  Water  Water shortages can slow or stop photosynthesis  Plants in dry climates  Waxy coating  Thin leaves (needles on cactus)  Temperature  Low temps slow or stop photosynthesis  Enzymes do not work well at low temps

10.  Light intensity/amount  Increase in light, increase in photosynthesis until at maximum level  Plants still perform photosynthesis in periods without light  Density of Other Plants  Crowded plants compete for light and resources  Reduces photosynthesis

11.  Discovery Education Discovery Education

12.  Converts glucose into ATP  Mitochondria performs cellular respiration  Happens in all organisms  Process is called aerobic because it requires oxygen  Overall reaction:  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + (up to) 38 ATP  BrainPop CR BrainPop CR

13.  Found in animals and plants  Outer and inner membrane  Cristae- folding of inner membrane  Matrix- area inside of inner membrane

14. Three phosphate groups Adenine Ribose

15.  ATP is a charged battery for the cell Made during cellular respiration Used up to complete activities for cell Energy in ATP is stored in high energy bonds between phosphate groups  ADP is a used battery for a cell one phosphate has been removed Phosphate must be added back on to recharge battery ATP ADP

17. PsRs Function Make food for plants Make energy for ALL organisms Location in cell ChloroplastMitochondria Uses what? Water, CO2, Sunlight Oxygen, Food/Glucose Makes what? Oxygen, Food/glucose Water, CO2, Energy/ATP