1. Global II Chapter 15, Section 1 Voyages of Exploration READ Pgs. 349 – 355

2. Objectives 5.1Describe the new technology that helped Europeans explore the oceans of the world 5.2Explain why Portugal and Spain led the way in Exploration 5.3Discuss which other nations explored the coast of N. America

3. Lesson Launch Directions: Please discuss with a partner the following question During the Renaissance why might France, Spain, England, and Portugal have an issue with current trade routes? Who has a monopoly on trade during the Renaissance? All trade goes through Italy!!

4. Motivations for Exploration = 3 G’s GOLD Actual Gold – but also general wealth Europe needed gold/silver to fuel the rising banking system Europeans also desired spices from Asia Other natural resources sold for profit (timber, sugar, tobacco, ivory, etc.) The idea that there is only so much wealth out there and that you must have the most to be powerful (Mercantilism) Mercantilism (New Economic System) – Replaces Guild System. Gain wealth to support Nations Economy.

5. Review Who had a monopoly on trade during the Renaissance? What is the first motivating “G” for Exploration?

6. Motivations for Exploration = 3 G’s GLORY A new idea in Europe for the nation-state Came from Renaissance ideal of Humanism and focus on individual With printing press one could gain fame through actions! Individual kings wanted glory for their kingdoms=competition spreads = Colonial Rivalries.

7. Motivations for Exploration = 3 G’s GOD Europeans saw spreading Christianity a good thing = to “save souls” Competition springs up during Reformation Colonization is a race to convert native peoples to a particular branch of Christianity Jesuits (Catholics) are some of the most active

8. Improvements in Sea Travel Countries interested in breaking the trade monopoly of Italian city-states! A. Traveler’s reports ~ Marco Polo ~ Arab geographers More accurate sea and land maps (latitude & longitude) B. Astrolabe: instrument that measured position of stars C. Improved magnetic compass D. Better ships suited for ocean voyage 3 masted caravel E. Monarchs sponsor voyages Hopes of Riches 3 Masted CaravelAstrolabe

9. Prince Henry the Navigator Starts expeditions for 4 reasons: 1. Create maps of West Africa 2. Maps needed to defeat the Muslims 3. Spread Christianity 4. Establish Trade routes Prince Henry the Navigator

10. Portuguese Explorations Want to rid themselves of middle man Prince Henry School for sailors Combined European and Islamic ship technologies Sets up trade along West Coast of Africa Gold & Ivory “Gold Coast” Cape of Good Hope Dias – First to round tip DaGama – Reaches India Portugal close to trade empire

11. Spain Goals Need Profits from spice trade Spread Christianity Columbus Sail west – Asia in two months Opens doors for colonization

12. Line of Demarcations (1494) Settled a dispute between Spanish & Portuguese monarchies. Both devoutly catholic = use Pope to settle dispute All lands west – Spain All lands east – Portugal Line of Demarcation SpanishPortuguese

13. What new technologies helped Europeans explore the oceans of the world? Why did Portugal and Spain lead the way in Exploration?

14. Treaty of Tordesillas

15. Explorers Amerigo Vespucci Realizes land found by Columbus “New World” Vasco de Balboa First to find Pacific Ferdinand Magellan First trip around world

16. Northwest Passage Search for it Increases knowledge of New World

18. Closure What new technology helped Europeans explore the oceans of the world? Why did Portugal and Spain led the way in Exploration? Which other nations explored the coast of N. America?

19. Homework! Mercantilism What changes did the policy of mercantilism bring to Europe? Pg 368 - 369

20. Reasons for European Expansion Improved Ships pg 350 National Rivalries Funding by Monarchs Prince Henry pg 350 Technology Pg 350 Mapping Pg 349-50