1. Unit 3 Seasons in Shanghai

2. Do you remember what people enjoy doing in summer? Many people enjoy walking along the Huangpu River. How many verbs can you find in the above sentence? What are they? enjoy, walking The main verb is “enjoy” and “walking” is only a gerund.

3. Do you remember what children enjoy doing in winter? Children enjoy throwing snowballs and building snowmen.

4. What is a “Gerund”? A “Gerund” is a word that ends in ~ing (e.g. walking). It functions as a noun rather than a verb. e.g.John loves apples. John loves reading. Both “apples” and “reading” are the objects in these sentences and they both function as nouns.

5. Points to Note: We can use “–ing” forms as verbs in the form of continuous tense. e.g. You are running now. When they are used as nouns, they are called gerunds. e.g. Smoking is not allowed.

6. We can use “Gerunds” after certain verbs. The following are some common examples: -love, like, enjoy, hate, dislike, go, stop, start. e.g. I hate doing exercise. Gerunds can also be used at the beginning of a sentence as a noun (subject). e.g. Doing housework is a boring task. Points to Note:

7. What do people like doing in summer in Hong Kong? People like sunbathing in summer in Hong Kong. sunbathe

8. What do people love doing in winter in Japan? People love skiing in winter in Japan. ski

9. What do people enjoy doing in summer in Australia ? People enjoy diving in summer in Australia. dive

10. What do people hate doing in summer in Hong Kong ? People hate traveling by bus in summer in Hong Kong. travel

11. What do people start doing when winter comes ? People start wearing thick clothes, hats, mittens and scarves when winter comes. wear

12. What do people stop doing when there are typhoons and heavy rains ? People stop going to the countryside when there are typhoons and heavy rains. go/ countryside

13. What activity is healthy? Doing yoga is healthy. do/ yoga

14. What is bad for our health? Smoking is bad for our health. smoke

15. What activity is relaxing? Watching the beauty of the nature is a relaxing activity. watch / beauty of the nature

16. What activity is exciting? soccer is an exciting activity. Playing soccer is an exciting activity. play

17. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs provided. 1.John hates __________ (do) homework at midnight. 2.Mary __________ (start) practicing her violin because the school music festival was coming. 3._________ (surf) the net is the most popular activity among teenagers. 4.Anna __________ (stop) crying when she got an ice cream from her aunt. 5.Joanne ___________ (love) playing the piano. 6.Anna always ___________ (go) hiking with her friends during the holidays. doing started Surfing stopped loves goes