1. Initial Results from South Africa on the Coal Project Reducing Mercury Emissions from Coal Combustion in the Energy Sector Gregory Scott Technical Advisor: Industrial Process Engineering Presentation to the UNEP INC1 Technical Briefing – Stockholm – 6 June 2010

2. Presentation Overview South Africa’s Coal Profile South Africa’s Power Generation Profile South Africa’s Draft Mercury Emission Profile Way Forward for UNEP Coal Project / Paragraph 29 Study Questions / Discussion

3. South Africa’s Coal Profile

4. South Africa’s Power Generation Profile Nominal Generating Capacity (Coal) –Eskom (operational) – 37 773 MW (13) –Eskom (under construction) – 9 600 MW (2) –IPP (operational) – 1 080 MW (3) Nominal Generating Capacity (Other) –Eskom (nuclear) – 1 800 MW (1) –Eskom (hydro) – 2 000 MW (5) –Eskom (OCGT) – 2442 MW (4)

5. South Africa’s Power Generation Profile

6. South Africa’s Draft Mercury Emission Profile High degree of variability in the reported literature –Pacyna et al. 2006 – 50 tons/annum (2000) –Dabrowski et al. 2008 – 9.8 tons/annum (2004) –Masekoameng et al. (in press) 29.47 tons/annum (2004) Relates back to uncertainty in the Hg levels in the coal and assumptions made during the calculations

7. South Africa’s Draft Mercury Emission Profile Reported Hg content in the coal used in coal fired power production ranges from 0.17 – 0.44 ppm This is being rechecked as part of the UNEP Coal Project Undertaken mercury emission measurements for the first time Combined emission monitoring with ash and coal sampling

8. Preliminary Results of Emission Testing Duvha Power Station (3 600 MW) –Unit 1 – 8.4 ug/m3 –Unit 2 – 3.1 ug/m3 –Unit 3 – 2.9 ug/m3 –Unit 4 – 26.2 ug/m3 –Unit 5 – 20.1 ug/m3 –Unit 6 – 25.7 ug/m3 –All measurements reported at STP

9. Preliminary Results of Emission Testing Kendal Power Station (4 116 MW) –Unit 1 – 31.3 ug/m3 –Unit 2 – 36.9 ug/m3 –Unit 3 – 35.1 ug/m3 –Unit 4 – 36.0 ug/m3 –Unit 5 – 32.4 ug/m3 –Unit 6 – 34.2 ug/m3 –All measurements reported at STP

10. Way Forward Analysis of coal and ash samples (RSA and US) Confirmation of emission estimates from each sector (cement, power generation, pulp & paper, industrial metal, waste) National workshop to confirm the emission estimate Formal submission to Para 29 study by September 2010

11. Questions / Discussion

12. Thank you for your kind attention