1. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST and Technology Transfer: An Overview of NIST Inputs to the Metrology Community July 15, 2004 Belinda L. Collins, Ph.D. Acting Director, Technology Services, NIST

2. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Outline NIST Mission Mechanisms for Transferring Technology – Research – Measurement Services – Documentary Standards – Training – Partnerships and Workshops – Formal Mechanisms (CRADA’s, patents, licenses) Opportunities for Improvement Questions and Answers

3. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Mission NIST’s mission is to develop and promote measurement, standards, and technology to enhance productivity, facilitate trade, and improve the quality of life. NIST Assets Include: 3,000 employees 1,600 associates $864 million FY 2003 operating budget NIST Laboratories -- National measurement standards Advanced Technology Program Manufacturing Extension Partnership Baldrige National Quality Award

4. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Research in Support of Better Measurement Standards Gibson & Tyndall (1923) defined visibility function based on data from 200 different observers – Data underpin standard for luminous intensity (candela) – adopted in 1979 – Led to current detector-based photometry Redefinition of length to move from artifact to mathematical definition Self-realized standards Josephson volt, Redefine standard kilogram and replace artifact – Watt balance research at NPL and NIST

5. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Research, Cont’d Electron pump / new capacitance standard Laser cooling and trapping of atoms and ions – Likely to enable measurements of time at the Femtosecond level using microwave cavity techniques – Optical frequency standards: frequency standards with unprecedented accuracy and stability Autonomous atom assembly: develop new measurement standards for nanotechnologies NIST isotope dilution/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-based method provides reference measurement procedure for glucose in blood

6. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Prototype Josephson Junction New Capacitance Standard Self-realized standards - Josephson volt, Capacitance

7. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology A UTONOMOUS A TOM A SSEMBLY Nanotechnology Structure Research

8. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Measurement Services Provide measurement assurance by establishing pathways to demonstrate traceability to national and international standards NIST develops and supplies references that companies and other organizations use to check the accuracy of their equipment, including: – Scales, volt meters, gas-flow meters, thermometers, spectrometer, DNA profiler, scanning electron microscope, hardness indenter, gage block, or even a clock. These and other tools make it possible to: – Compare measurements – Promote trust and confidence in measurement- based transactions-from the sale of gasoline to the synchronization of computer clocks to the integration of supplier-made parts on an automobile assembly line.

9. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Measurement Services,Cont’d Standard Reference Data – 100 types available – 5,500 units sold/ year Standard Reference Materials – >1,200 products available – 30,000 units sold/year – Examples include SRM 965a, Glucose in Frozen Human Serum for diabetes; Peanut Butter Calibrations and Tests – 3,000 items calibrated/year Laboratory Accreditation – 820 accreditations

10. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Participation in Documentary Standards Transfers and Embeds NIST Technology 440 NIST staff participate in about 970 committees ISO/IEC 17025 – Laboratory Accreditation ISO VIM/GUM – Vocabulary for metrology ASTM – Specify test methods for numerous materials and procedures including: – Cone calorimeter for heat release measurement ASME – Surface texture standard deals with characterization, measurement and analysis of surface metrology

11. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Documentary Standards, Cont’d ASHRAE – Interoperability of elements of building control systems (BACnet) – Standard 90 for energy load determination NFPA 1964 – Standard for Fire Hose Connections initiated jointly by NFPA and NBS in 1905! ISO TC 184 Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) – More efficient communication of product data between different software, organizations and sites

12. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Training and Shared Resources Mass Metrology training – Train state and industry metrologists throughout U.S. SIT/SABIT workshops – U.S. approaches to standards and conformity assessment Laboratory accreditation training Joint Institutes – JILA – NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder – CARB – NIST and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg

13. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Workshops and Conferences to Surface New Technologies in Cooperation with Industry - 2004 Grand Challenge - Nanometrology SIM Metrology Working Group for Acoustics and Vibration Joint testing Laboratory for Advanced Interoperability Technologies in E-business Open Applications Group International Meeting of Biometrics Experts

14. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Formal Technology Transfer Mechanisms - 2004 Cooperative Research and Development Agreements - CRADA’s - 75 Active Patents and Licenses – 7 patents, including Calculable Digitally Synthesized AC Voltage Source – 39 licenses, including Liposome Immunoanalysis by Flow Injection Assay Guest Researchers – 1300 Facility Use Agreements – 500+ – National Center for Neutron Research – Advanced Measurements Laboratory - future

15. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Partnerships Key to future success is strong partnerships with principal NIST stakeholders. Agreements – Northern Virginia Technology Council – TEDCO – U.S. Chemical Safety Board – National Cancer Institute Participation in key measurement and standards policy boards/committees – BIPM, OIML – NCSLI, NCWM – ANSI, ASTM, IEEE

16. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST’s Goals for Partnerships Increased access to NIST facilities Increased access to NIST products and services Better understanding of the opportunities afforded by NIST technology programs Direct communication to NIST of measurements and standards needs Rapid transfer of technology!

17. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Can Improve Transfer of its Technology Develop more coherent process for technology transfer Define desired mechanisms at outset of project Identify and target key customers and partners Use full array of possible mechanisms Obtain feedback and input from customers, including downstream customers Greater use of partnerships Use feedback to improve transfer of NIST technology even more effectively

18. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology On-going Improvements to Process Identification of key customers Feedback on delivery of service for SRM’s, calibration and laboratory accreditation Involvement of stakeholders, partners and customers in strategic planning Identification and accountability for process improvements for NIST products and services

19. Technology Services – National Institute of Standards and Technology Conclusion NIST transfers technology in numerous ways to benefit the metrology community – Some means are more effective than others NIST desirous of increased feedback on the effectiveness of the transfer of its technology – Improvements to process NCSLI an important partner in transferring metrology technology!