2. “A PERSONAL MATTER” Analysis of GA Fatal Accidents

3. Your Presenter: Brian Poole Office of Accident Investigation Federal Aviation Administration

4. What Is An Aircraft Accident?

5. Aircraft Accident: v An Occurrence Associated With the Operation of an Aircraft Which Takes Place Between the Time Any Person Boards the Aircraft With the Intention of Flight and Until Such Time as All Such Persons Have Disembarked, and in Which Any Person Suffers Death or Serious Injury, or in Which the Aircraft Receives Substantial Damage

6. Serious Injury: v An Injury Which (1) Requires Hospitalization for More Than 48 Hours, Commencing Within 7 Days From the Date the Injury Was Received; (2) Results in a Fracture of Any Bone (Except Simple Fractures of Fingers, Toes, or Nose); (3) Causes Severe Hemorrhages, Nerve, Muscle or Tendon Damage; (4) Involves Any Internal Organ; or (5) Involves Second or Third Degree Burns or Any Burns Affecting More Than 5 Percent of the Body Surface

7. Substantial Damage: v Damage or Failure Which Adversely Affects the Structural Strength, Performance, or Flight Characteristics of the Aircraft, and Which Would Normally Require Major Repair or Replacement of the Affected Component. Engine Failure or Damage Limited to an Engine Cowling, Dented Skin, Small Punctured Holes in the Skin Fabric, Ground Damage to Rotor or Propeller Blades, and Damage to Landing Gear, Wheels, Tires, Flaps, Engine Accessories, Brakes, or Wingtips are not Considered “Substantial Damage”

8. General Aviation Accidents 1930-2001

9. General Aviation Fatal Accidents 1930-2001

10. General Aviation Fatalities 1930-2001

11. General Aviation Accidents 1997-2001

12. Homebuilt Aircraft Accidents 1997-2001

13. General Aviation Accident Rate For Hours Flown 1950-2001

14. Personal Aerial Application Business General Aviation Accident Rates by Purpose of Flight 1983-2001 Instruction All GA Corporate Accidents Per 100,000 Hours

15. Homebuilt & General Aviation Accident Rates 1983-2001 1983-2001 Homebuilt General Aviation Accidents Per 100,000 Hours

16. Homebuilt & General Aviation Fatal Accident Rates 1983-2001 Homebuilt General Aviation Accidents Per 100,000 Hours

17. General Aviation Fleet, Activity and Fatal Accidents By Type of Operation 1998 1998 Percent of Fleet Percent of Percent of Flight Hours Fatal Accidents Personal Business Instruction Corporation Aerial Application Public Use Air Taxi Miscellaneous 613565 1613 5 614 6 611 0 2 8 2 2 5 3 210 4 5 3 15 100% 100% 100% Operation

18. General Aviation Personal Flying Fatal Accidents Breakdown of Broad Causes 1995 - 1999 Personnel - 1044 Pilot - 998 Others (Aboard) - 4 Others (Not Aboard) - 55 Aircraft - 173 Propulsion System and Controls - 131 Airframe - 21 Systems/Equipment/Instruments - 19 Environment - 19 Weather - 9 Object (Trees, Wires) - 6 Terrain/Runway Conditions - 4

19. Primary Causes of General Aviation Fatal Accidents v Weather –Attempted VFR into IMC conditions v Maneuvering flight –Maneuvering during low slow flight –Buzzing or low level aerobatics v Approach –Improper IFR approach –Steep turn/stall v Test flying homebuilt aircraft v Fuel mismanagement v Midair collisions

20. Accident Description v When v Where v What v Who v Why v NTSB Probable Cause

21. What Caused This Accident?

22. How Could This Accident Have Been Prevented? How Could This Accident Have Been Prevented?

23. Accident Information Date: July 4, 1993 Time: 8:05 PM MDT Location: Philip, South Dakota Aircraft Type: Avid Flyer, N42CJ Injuries: 1 Fatality 1 Serious Injury

25. Pilot Information Age: 51 Certificates: Student Pilot Medical: Third Class Total Time: 88 Hours Time in Type: 85 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 44 Hours Occupation: Businessman

30. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s selection of unsuitable terrain for takeoff and the pilot inadvertently stalling the airplane.

31. Accident Information Date: August 7, 1993 Time: 1:45 PM EDT Location: Wadesboro, North Carolina Aircraft Type: Midget Mustang, CFYSJ Injuries: 1 Fatality

33. Pilot Information Age: 67 Certificates: Airline Transport Pilot - MEL Commercial Pilot - SEL Instrument Rating Medical: Second Class Total Time: 3,663 Hours Time in Type: 3 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 16 Hours Occupation: Retired Navy

39. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s intentional flight into IMC without the proper instrumentation which resulted in the pilot’s loss of aircraft control and in-flight breakup of the airplane.

40. Accident Information Date: April 23, 1994 Time: 2:04 PM EDT Location: College Park, Maryland Aircraft Type: Beech Sierra, N93535 Injuries: 4 Fatalities

42. Pilot Information Age: 26 Certificates: Commercial Pilot - SEL - MEL Instrument Rating Medical: Second Class Total Time: 422 Hours Time in Type: 9 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 60 Hours Occupation: Unknown

47. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s improper flare and delayed recovery from the bounced landing. Factors contributing to the accident were the pilot’s failure to retract the landing gear during the aborted landing; the exceeded allowable gross weight; and the unfavorable wind conditions.

48. Accident Information Date: May 9, 1996 Time: 12:50 PM EDT Location: Sunapee, New Hampshire Aircraft Type: Lake LA-4-200, N5040L Injuries: 1 Fatality

50. Pilot Information Age: 61 Certificates: Commercial Pilot - SEL - SES Instrument Rating Medical: Second Class Total Time: 4330 Hours Time in Type: 17 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 2 Hours Occupation: Retired

53. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane. Factors in this accident were: the pilot’s lack of currency in type and model airplane, and not following the requirement for the pilot to have a flight instructor onboard during water landings.

54. Accident Information Date: June 3, 1996 Time: 4:41 PM EDT Location: Winslow, Maine Aircraft Type: Cessna 320, N78KA Injuries: 1 Fatality

56. Age: 41 Certificates: Airline Transport Pilot - SEL - MEL Medical: Second Class Total Time: 7500 Hours Time in Type: Unknown Time Last 90 Days: Unknown Occupation: Unknown Pilot Information Pilot Information

60. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s continued flight into known adverse weather conditions, and his loss of aircraft control, which resulted in an uncontrolled descent into terrain (river). The known icing condition was related factor.

61. Accident Information Date: June 19, 1996 Time: 8:10 AM EDT Location: Springboro, Ohio Aircraft Type: Piper, PA-31 Navajo, N62852 Injuries: 1 Fatality

63. Pilot Information Age: 41 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL - MEL Instrument Rating Medical: Third Class Total Time: 1198 Hours Time in Type: 701 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 39 Hours Occupation: Doctor

66. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s impairment of judgment and performance due to drugs which led to spatial disorientation and a loss of aircraft control. The weather was a factor.

67. Accident Information Date: October 27, 1996 Time: 2:55 PM EST Location: Merritt Island, Florida Aircraft Type: Kitfox Clasic IV, N11LG Injuries: 2 Fatalities

69. Pilot Information Age: 53 Certificates: Commercial Pilot - SEL - MEL Medical: Third Class Total Time: 585 Hours Time in Type: 6 Hours Time Last 90 Days: Unknown Occupation: Unknown

72. NTSB Probable Cause v The failure of the pilot to maintain airspeed above stall speed.

73. Accident Information Date: February 27, 1997 Time: 7:45 PM CST Location: Houston, Texas Aircraft Type: Quickie II, N89WL Injuries: 1 Fatality

75. Pilot Information Age: 30 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL Medical: Third Class Total Time: 125 Hours Time in Type: 8 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 7 Hours Occupation: Businessman

80. NTSB Probable Cause v The loss of engine power due to fuel starvation as a result of the pilot’s improper fuel management.

81. Accident Information Date: June 10, 1998 Time: 5:40 PM EDT Location: Delaplane, Virginia Aircraft Type: Beech F33A, N6033U Injuries: 2 Fatalities

83. Pilot Information Age: 73 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL Instrument Rating Medical: Third Class Total Time: 2800 Hours Time in Type: Unknown Time Last 90 Days: Unknown Occupation: Unknown

87. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s inadequate in-flight decision that lead to VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions. Also casual was the pilot’s failure to maintain adequate terrain clearance resulting in collision with mountainous terrain. Contributing factors were low clouds, fog, mountainous terrain, obscuration, low altitude flying and the pilot’s self-induced pressure.

88. Accident Information Date: November 21, 1998 Time: 5:43 PM EST Location: Edgewater, Maryland Aircraft Type: RV-6, N956DB Injuries: 1 Fatality

90. Pilot Information Age: 56 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL - MEL Instrument Rating Medical: Second Class Total Time: 1345 Hours Time in Type: 31 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 15 Hours Occupation: Actor

95. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance from the trees. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s unfamiliarity with the geographic location and dark night conditions.

96. Accident Information Date: August 11, 2001 Time: 7:20 PM EDT Location: Rohrersville, Maryland Aircraft Type: Piper Arrow, N2869F Injuries: 3 Fatalities

98. Pilot Information Age: 57 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL Medical: Third Class Total Time: 2000 Hours Time in Type: Unknown Time Last 90 Days: Unknown Occupation: Retired Military Dental Technician

101. NTSB Probable Cause v NOT DETERMINED

102. Be careful or you could end up being an accident statistic!