1. Rhythm and Blues Recall some material from way back…

2. From this…

3. to This.

5. Three passings last week

6. Winston Riley (reggae) Dead from gunshot wound January 20 at age 65 Musicologist Kingsley Goodison, who knew Riley for more than 40 years, said he was one of the people responsible for introducing reggae to England. “Winston Riley is an unsung hero,” he said. “He was one of the hardest workers in the business.”

7. His group “The Techniques” introduced ‘stalag riddim’ Riley also is credited with creating the stalag rhythm, which later influenced hip- hop and dancehall. Unlike his contemporaries who shunned dancehall music, Riley embraced contemporary reggae and had several big hits during the 1980s. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swE2Cv Ww5D4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swE2Cv Ww5D4

8. Johnny Otis December 28, 1921 – January 17, 2012 Greek-American, established himself as “the Godfather of Rhythm and Blues” by his work composing for the idiom, producing radio and tv shows, and supporting black artists http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qOrQTh_Cq7U Harlem Nocturne was his first hit. R&B most popular hit was Willie and the Hand Jive 1958. He composed Etta James’ first hit The Wallflower 1955 Every Beat of My Heart for Gladys Knight and the Pips in 1961 Produced Hound Dog made famous by Elvis Presley in 1956.

9. Etta James dies January 20, 2012 at the age of 73 Hits like “It’s a Man’s World,” “Wallflower” and the most famous, “At Last” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPBGI Bc3YV4&feature=endscreen&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPBGI Bc3YV4&feature=endscreen&NR=1

10. Beyonce portrayed Etta James in the 2008 film “Cadillac Records” About the record company that recorded Etta James, Muddy Waters, Chuck Berry and other blues artists.

11. Review of Blues

12. Built around the lyrics 3 phrases (statement, repetition, resolution/change) a a b a-- Everyday, everyday I have the blues a-- Ooh everyday, everyday I have the blues b-- When you see me worryin' baby, yeah it's you I hate to lose a-- Whoa nobody loves me, nobody seems to care a-- Whoa nobody loves me, nobody seems to care b-- Well worries and trouble darling, babe you know I've had my share http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAyaCJuj73Q

13. Remember the blues pattern: 3 phrases that are 4 measures long Specific chord structures (“the changes”) Call and response between singer and back-up instrumentalists Lyrics often about bad relationships, sadness, poverty, drinking, cheating, fighting, etc.

14. Now add the rhythm Typical “boogie” rhythm such as this speeds it up http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T_g11B giDfghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T_g11B giDfg And you’ve got original rhythm and blues

15. In the 60’s Rhythm and Blues became “soul” The phrase structure and chords became less standardized John Lee Hooker (old blues) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ai93A9 M8YOE&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ai93A9 M8YOE&feature=related “I’ll Be There” (Jackson 5) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMckjo gqDhI&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMckjo gqDhI&feature=related

16. True 1970’s Soul The Spinners (1972) “I’ll Be Around” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlPpYEkv6BM Rhythm not so boogie This is where modern r&b gets its style and feeling

17. 1980’s http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lobo4J ZVTNIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lobo4J ZVTNI Diana Ross (Upside Down) Rufus and Chaka Khan (Do you Love What You Feel?) MJ (Rock with You)

18. Billboard Magazine chronology of R&B Harlem Hit Parade — 1942 to February 10, 1945. Juke Box Race Records — February 17, 1945 to June 17, 1957. Billboard's "Best Sellers" — May 22, 1948 to October 13, 1958. Rhythm & Blues — June 25, 1949 to November 30, 1963. Billboard's "Jockeys" — January 22, 1955 to October 13, 1958. Hot R&B — October 20, 1958 to November 30, 1963. Reinstated January 30, 1965 and continued under that name until the week ending August 16, 1969. Soul Singles — August 23, 1969 to July 7, 1973. Hot Soul Singles — July 14, 1973 to June 19, 1982. Hot Black Singles — June 26, 1982 to October 1990. Hot R&B Singles — October 1990 to 1998. Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs — 1998 to present.

19. 1990’s 1990s Total number of weeks at #1 (as lead artist) –1. R. Kelly (31 weeks)R. Kelly –2. Whitney Houston (30 weeks)Whitney Houston –3. Janet Jackson (21 weeks)Janet Jackson –4. Usher (19 weeks)Usher –5. Monica (18 weeks)Monica –6. Boyz II Men & TLC (17 weeks)Boyz II MenTLC –7. Brandy, Deborah Cox & Puff Daddy (16 weeks)BrandyDeborah CoxPuff Daddy –8. Jodeci (14 weeks)Jodeci –9. Mariah Carey (13 weeks)Mariah Carey –10. The Notorious B.I.G. (12 weeks)The Notorious B.I.G. Most #1 Hits of the Decade (as lead artist) –1. R. Kelly & Janet Jackson - 7 #1'sR. KellyJanet Jackson –2. Mariah Carey & En Vogue- 6 #1'sMariah CareyEn Vogue –3. Whitney Houston, Boyz II Men, Monica, Jodeci & Keith Sweat- 5 #1'sWhitney HoustonBoyz II MenMonicaJodeciKeith Sweat –4. Tony! Toni! Tone! & Faith Evans - 4 #1'sTony! Toni! Tone!Faith Evans –5. TLC, Brandy, Puff Daddy, SWV, Deborah Cox, Dru Hill, Michael Jackson, Quincy Jones, Xscape, Johnny Gill & Tevin Campbell.- 3 #1'sTLCBrandyPuff DaddySWVDeborah CoxDru HillMichael JacksonQuincy Jones XscapeJohnny GillTevin Campbell

20. 1990’s http://www.digitaldreamdoor.com/pages/be st_rb-song-90s.htmlhttp://www.digitaldreamdoor.com/pages/be st_rb-song-90s.html

21. Neo-soul Ledisi