1. SPANISH INVENTORS

2. 1. Alejandro Campos Ramírez
Alejandro Finisterre is the pseudonym of Alexandre Campos Ramirez, poet, inventor and editor born in Finisterre, Galicia, in 1919 and died in Zamora on 9 February 2007.

3. Futbolín
In 1936 he was injured in the bombings of Madrid during the Spanish Civil War. At hospital, he met many wounded children whose greatest regret was not playing football. With recovery, based on table tennis, he commissioned the construction of its first football table.

4. 2. Alejandro Goicoechea
(Elorrio, 1895-Madrid, 1984) Spanish engineer. In addition to performing various innovations in rail technology, such as construction of the first car entirely welded together (1926), he was the author of the project and development of the Articulated Train Goicoechea Oriol (Talgo).

5. Talgo
The Articulated Train Goicoechea Oriol first appeared in the 40s, and regards as the first modern train in history. His designs were really attractive and modern, always looking for the aerodynamics and style. For many years were the rulers of the world market; in fact, most of the trains in the U.S. are TALGO nowadays.

6. 3. Julio Cervera
(Segorbe, 1854 – Madrid, 1929). Spanish engineer and commander. He studied Physical and Natural Science. In 1878 he joined the Military Engineering School of Guadalajara.

7. Radio
In 1899, after the Hispano-American War ended, focused on his facet as an engineer. He obtained his first patent on wireless telegraphy before the year ended. He has been recently attributed as the first inventor of the radio system.

8. 4. Juan Solozábal-Juan Olive. Stapler
In 1920 it was founded in Guipuzcoa a company called “El Casco", whose main activity was the manufacture of revolvers. From 1929 and due to the global economic crisis, this company had to be restructured. As a result, in the mid-'30s, its founders (named above), launched into market a device made to hold the so common documents kept in loose leaf. It was such a success, that as we all know, no office desk in the world does not have a stapler. The company still made the original model, called M-35.

9. 5. Pilar Mateo - Inesfly (Valencia, 1959)
She came across with the Chagas disease when a Bolivian doctor explained to her the serious health problems faced by the residents of his hometown in Since then, she began an intense research effort to develop an efficient insecticide paint, which has led her to be finalist for the Prince of Asturias Award in the paint she invented is applied to the adobe houses and prevents the spread of the Chagas disease. In fact, in 8 years, no child whose house has been painted with has contracted this disease.

10. 6. Leonardo Torres Quevedo
(Santa Cruz de Iguña, 1852 – Madrid, 1936). Inventor, scientist and technologist, civil engineer, pioneer of Automation and Informatics. It is an example of dedication to research, science and culture in Spain. He published his best works when he has over 50 years of age.

11. Airship
In 1905, with the help of Alfredo Kindelan, Torres Quevedo constructed the first dirigible in the Spanish Military Air Station, established in 1896 and located in Guadalajara. It ended in great success and the new airship, España, made numerous test flights. Perhaps the most important innovation in this airship had to do with the trilobed balloon, so that security was increased.

12. 7. Isaac Peral (Cartagena,1851 - Berlin, 1895)
He was a scientist and naval officer and inventor of the torpedo submarine, Known as the Peral´s Submarine.

13. Submarine
In 1887, it began in the arsenal of Cádiz the construction of a submarine torpedo launched the following year. It was a ship of 22 meters long, with steel frame, electric motor, propeller immersion and two torpedoes as weapons. This test was a success, but due to lack of interest by the Administration, he left the army and moved to Germany.

14. 8. Juan de la Cierva
(Murcia, Croydon, UK, 1936): Spanish aeronautical inventor, scientist, engineer and aviator. He invented the autogiro, forerunner of the current helicopter.

15. Autogiro
The first three prototypes failed because the rotors were fixed rigidly to the central hub. However, freely articulating them made the machine fly. The first autogiro lifted approximately 200 m in 1923, and took three successive flights. After several investigations and improvements in 1925 Cierva moved to Britain to continue his work, and there soon was able to create a trading company: the Cierva Autogiro Company.

16. 9. Manuel Jalón Corominas
(Logroño, 1925)
Aeronautical engineer, Air Force official at Zaragoza Air Base and Spanish inventor. Invented the mop and disposable hypodermic syringe.

17. Fregona
During a visit to the U.S., Jalón noticed the hangars were being scrubbed with a flat mop and a bucket with rollers. In 1956 he began manufacturing mops using a broomstick attached to a tuft of cotton strips. This cleaning tool has improved the quality of life of many women in Spain since the late 50s allowing clean the floor without kneeling.
Despite the great success of the invention, he sold the patent to a multinational in Netherlands, to pursue other projects like the non-reusable hypodermic syringe.

18. 10. Enric Bernat
( )
His grandfather became the first confectioner to develop candy in Spain.His father established the cookie factory La Gloria, where he had one of his early works as a salesman.
In 1950 he opened his first confectionery company, Products Bernat. This company specialized in making sweets. Afterwards, he founded the Chupa Chups lollipop company.

19. Lollipop
Between 1956 and 1957 he had the idea to make a candy that could be grabbed with a stick. The inspiration came from two facts: the largest consumer of candy is the child audience and they use to take the sweet off their mouths to see how it is being consumed. In 1958, he entered the Spanish market with the first round stick candy under the brand Chupa Chups. Chupa Chups logo was designed by surrealist artist Salvador Dalí.

20. 11. Ignacio Urresti - Sacapuntas
In Eibar, in 1945, Ignacio Urresti (belonging to the Company “El Casco," the same that produced the stapler in 1930) designed the pencil sharpener, an outstanding and strong piece of 1.29 kilos, that worked with a crank and has been copied throughout the world. With this format, were made shortly thereafter, pencil sharpeners for use in offices and desks.