1. Chemistry of Life Review Activity Copyright ©2004 MathBits.comMathBits.com

2. 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 Organic Compounds Moreorganic! Water & stuff EnzymesMisc!

3. Two elements always contained in organic molecules Return to Question Board See Answer 10 points

4. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 10 points Carbon and hydrogen

5. Benedict’s solution is used to test the presence of what organic molecule? Return to Question Board 20 points See Answer

6. A N S W E R: monosaccharides Return to Question Board 20 points

7. Venus Flytraps obtain much of their nitrogen from amino acids found in the insects. Which of the chemical compounds are the source of the amino acids? Return to Question Board 30 points See Answer

8. A N S W E R: proteins Return to Question Board 30 points

9. Monomers for carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids? Return to Question Board 40 points See Answer

10. A N S W E R: Carbs = monosaccharides Lipids = glycerol & fatty acids Proteins = amino acids Nucleic acids = nucleotides Return to Question Board 40 points

11. What is the function of carbs, lipids, proteins, & nucleic acids? Return to Question Board 50 points See Answer

12. A N S W E R: Carbs = immediate energy; structural support (plant cell walls) Lipids = long-term energy storage; cell membrane structure Proteins = motion, defense, signals, chemical rxns, transport, etc. Nucleic acids = Store and transport important information Return to Question Board 50 points

13. What organic molecule is found in potatoes? Return to Question Board 10 points See Answer

14. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 10 points Carbohydrates (starch)

15. Return to Question Board 20 points What organic molecule is responsible for storing and tranferring our genetic information? See Answer

16. A N S W E R: Nucleic acids Return to Question Board 20 points

17. Return to Question Board 30 points See Answer What are the building blocks for all 4 organic molecules?

18. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 30 points Carbs = monosaccharide Lipids = fatty acid chains Proteins = amino acids Nucleic acids = nucleotide

19. What are the elements in each macromolecule? Return to Question Board 40 points See Answer

20. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 40 points Carbs = C,H,O Lipids = C,H,O Proteins = C,H,O,N Nucleic acids = C,H,O,N,P

21. What parts of the cell would you find ALL of the organic molecules? (hint: different parts for all) Return to Question Board 50 points See Answer

22. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 50 points Carbs = chloroplast makes it Lipids = found in cell membranes Proteins = ribosome makes it Nucleic acids = found in nucleus

23. What is the function of vitamins and minerals? Return to Question Board See Answer 10 points

24. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 10 points Nutrients that help organic molecules and their functions Acts as “ingnitions” for chemical rxns

25. What is polar or nonpolar? Return to Question Board See Answer 20 points

26. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 20 points Polar = uneven charge distribution Nonpolar = even charge distribution

27. Return to Question Board See Answer 30 points Describe the structure of water

28. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 30 points “mickey mouse” Bent shape – due to polarity  Uneven distribution of charge!

29. What is the difference between organic and inorganic? Return to Question Board See Answer 40 points

30. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 40 points Organic – contain carbon-based molecules and hydrogen “living things” Inorganic – non-carbon based “non-living things”

31. The human stomach has an acidic environment. If I, II, III, and IV on the scale above represent enzymes, which one most likely functions in the stomach? Return to Question Board See Answer 50 points

32. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 50 points III – pH of 3 0-6.9 = acid 7.1-14 = base

33. What organic molecule are enzymes? Return to Question Board See Answer 10 points

34. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 10 points proteins

35. Describe the “lock and key” analogy and why it is used to describe enzymes Return to Question Board See Answer 20 points

36. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 20 points “Lock & Key” = SPECIFIC substrate attaches to active site, changes, and released as products.

37. What do enzymes do to chemical reactions? Return to Question Board See Answer 30 points

38. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 30 points Alter the rate (SPEED IT UP) Lower activation energy

39. What environmental factors influence how well an enzyme does its job? Return to Question Board See Answer 40 points

40. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 40 points Temperature pH Substrate concentration **

41. Describe the steps in a 3- step process for enzymes Label all the parts listed A B C D1 & D2 A 50 points See Answer Return to Question Board

42. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 50 points A = enzyme – remains unchanged! B = substrate C = enzyme-substrate complex D1 & D2 = products

43. What are the functions of vitamins and minerals? Return to Question Board See Answer 10 points

44. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 10 points Act as coenzymes and cofactors, working with enzymes to make chemical reactions possible

45. Define homeostasis. Return to Question Board See Answer 20 points

46. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 20 points Maintain an internal environment despite changes in the external environment “to stay the same”

47. Name 3 important vitamins and their function. Return to Question Board See Answer 30 points

48. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 30 points Vit K = clotting Vit D = bone growth Vit C = healthy gums

49. Put the following in order from least to greatest: molecule, atom, organ system, cell, tissue, organ Return to Question Board See Answer 40 points

50. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 40 points Least to greatest: Atom – molecule – cell – tissue – organ – organ system

51. What is an the scientific method, why it is important, and the steps involved? Return to Question Board See Answer 50 points

52. A N S W E R: Return to Question Board 50 points A method for testing a hypothesis Important to study our observations and how things work, while keeping a controlled experiment Problem/Observe, research, hypothesis (create variables), experiment, analyze data, conclusion

53. BONUS!!! Name and define 5 properties of water! Why is water so important to living things?