1. WP5: Integrated Environmental and Economic Assessment from Life Cycle Perspective Mingming Hu (CML) Wim Debacker & Sofie De Regel (VITO) Arianna Amati (DAPP) 19/2/2016

2. Content 10:45 – 10:50 WP5 Overview (CML) 10:50 – 11:35 M9-M12 Progress – T5.3 & T5.2.2 (CML, 15 minutes) – T5.2.1 (VITO, 10 minutes) – T5.2.3 (DAPP, 10 minutes) – Q&A (10 minutes) 11:35 – 12:00 Next steps – Overview (CML, 5 minutes) – T5.2.2 (CML, 5 minutes) – T5.2.1 (VITO, 5 minutes) – T5.2.3 (DAPP, 5 minutes) – Q&A (5 minutes)

3. WP5 Overview VITO (CML, DAPP) CML (VITO - BE, DAPP - ES&F) CML (VITO – Meth., DAPP –Conclu.) Case I: NL. Concrete (CML) Case II: BE, Ceramics (VITO) Case III: ES, Gypsum (DAPP) Case IV: F, Wood (DAPP) DONE 5M 11M

4. M9-M12 Progress T5.3 Material Flow Analysis Objectives of T5.3: To understand current C&D waste management systems in NL, BE, EP & F; To understand the improvement potentials by introducing HISER technological solutions in these countries. Description of T5.3 activities: Performing Material flow analyses (MFA) for 4 materials: concrete, bricks, gypsum and wood 4 countries: NL, BE, EP & F 16 MFA DONE! Preliminary findings  LCA-LCC & HISER tech development

5. Brick (BE 2014) Current: EOL brick > new brick input; >90% down-cycl, No recycl., difficult keep EOL brick clean! HISER brick-to-brick: replace 10% raw input, use 8% EOL brick. SD: current reuse <10%, will BIM-SD significantly increase reuse? Up- cycling 2% Down- cycling 91.5% lost 6.5% BIM-SD Reuse ?% HISER brick-to-brick replace 10% (249 kt) (8% EOL brick)

6. Concrete (NL 2014) Re- cycling 2% Down- cycling 97% lost 1% 2% 12% 86% Current: 97% down-cycl, 2% Recycl., 2% Coarse replacement HISER ADR+: replace 100% Coarse, Recycle 91%, leave 8% for Road Base?? Potential, Coarse Agg. Replacement: 100% (12,234kt) / 65% (7952 kt) / 30% (3670kt) Recycl. 91% / 59% / 27% HISER ADR+ Only 8% (1245 kt) for RB, OK??

7. Gypsum (ES 2014) Current: EOL gypsum 100% landfilled from construction > from demolition ES rich of gypsum mine, 59% for export Implication for HISER: No pressure from primary supply Incentive for gypsum reycling is from waste management Rcycling efforts should first on clean scraps from construction SD on reuse potential

8. Wood (F 2014) Current: 100% incineration F rich of wood Constrution wood is small share Implication: No pressure from primary supply Incentive for recycling is low cost

9. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.2 LCA-LCC concrete case Objectives of T5.2.2: To evaluate the economic and environmental sustainability of the HISER solutions – concerning better recovery of the concrete fraction – Including the use of BIM-SD – to foster a circular economy of the concrete fraction and – to identify key areas for improvement. Description of T5.2.2 activities: Performing an integrated LCA and LCC study for 1.Selective demolition (T4.2 STRUK) [Screening, DONE!] 2.Concrete recycling (T4.3.2 STRUK/MEBIN) [C2CA, need update] 3.Steel fibre reinforced concrete recycling (T4.3.3 LAFAR). [NEED PLAN!!]

10. T4.2 Selective Demolition (NL) [Location]Almere-Haven, parcel Steiger 113, The Netherlands [Client]Almere municipality [EOL Building Description] built in 1983 two floors half as an office half as a storage [Project Scope]Demolish EOL building + Construct Upcycle Center [Planning] Aug 2015 – Feb 2016 [Implementation] Apr 2016 – May 2016

11. T5.2.2 LCA-LCC for SD (NL) Goal To facilitate Smart Demolition Waste Management plan by identifying environmental / financial hot spots. Scope Waste management for Steiger 113 demolition + Material supply for Upcycle Center construction BAU vs BP scenarios [BAU]Common SD practice in NL [ BP ]Proxy of BIM-SD

12. BAU (MFA) 1.Isolation 2. Ceiling3. Roofing 4. Carpet 5. Gypsum wall 6. Wood door7. AL Window 8. Metal plates 9. Metal beams 10. Stony Demolition Waste Management 1. Stony for Road 2. Stony for Floor 3. Metal beams Construction Material Supply to WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPANY to METAL RECYCLER ONSITE

13. BP (MFA) 1.Isolation 2. Ceiling 3. Roofing 4. Carpet 5. Gypsum wall 6. Wood door 7. AL Window 8. Metal plates 9. Metal beams 10. Stony a) concrete b) mix Demolition Waste Management 1. Stony for Road 2. Stony for Floor 3. Metal beams Construction Material Supply to MATERIAL RECYCLER to LOCAL REUSE kringloopcentrum ONSITECONCR. RECYCL.

14. Screening LCA (CO 2-eq, 10 3 kg) *mass allocation. Red indicates BAU, Blue indicates BP. Metal beams Steel Production, for new upcycle centre

15. Screening LCA (CO 2-eq, 10 3 kg; excl. Metal beams) *mass allocation. Red indicates BAU, Blue indicates BP. Stony Transport, Gravel for Concrete floor

16. Cash Flow BAU -101 k€ BP -77 k€ -48k€ -71k€ -53k€ -6k€ Metal beams Stony Metal beams Stony roof2roof concrete

17. Screening Findings T5.2.2 LCA-LCC concrete case Metal component reuse has biggest potential to reduce environmental impact. It requires higher demolition cost but saves material cost for new construction.  BIM tech should focus on improving reusability of metal components from selective demolition. Stony is largest stream out of demolition. Local solutions reduce both environmental and financial burden.  ADR tech should be local solution, recycling concrete for local application. Implication for detailed LCA-LCC  1)roof2roof doubles cost of BAU recycling, environmentally much better? 2)Metal beams for reuse turns demolition revenue to cost, why so costly? 3)Metal beam use in new construction bear largest environmental and financial burden, can it really value so much for the construction? 4)Concrete recycling vs BAU Stony supply (transport & process burdens, 2 nd largest) 5)Wood door recycling vs reuse (3 rd largest)

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19. M9-M12 Progress Outline 10:50 – 11:35 M9-M12 Progress 10:50 – 11:05 T5.3 & T5.2.2 11:05 – 11:15 T5.2.1 (VITO) 11:15 – 11:25T5.2.3 11:25 – 11:35 Q&A

20. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (1) BAU selective demolition – Data collection – Type of data: Specific technical & financial data: – Waste flows: volumes, cost/profit – Transportation: distance, cost, actors involved, type of vehicle – Personnel: working hours, work cost – Machinery used: working hours, fuel consumption, cost of investment and maintenance Generic environmental data (based on the above)

21. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (2) BAU selective demolition – Data collection – Origin of data Waste certificates and invoices

22. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (2) BAU selective demolition – Data collection – Origin of data Waste certificates and invoices Hitachi e-service tool

23. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (2) BAU selective demolition – Data collection – Origin of data Waste certificates and invoices Hitachi e-service tool Forms for workers

24. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (2) BAU selective demolition – Data collection – Origin of data Waste certificates and invoices Hitachi e-service tool Forms for workers Monitoring during site visits

25. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (2) BAU selective demolition – Data collection – Origin of data Waste certificates and invoices Hitachi e-service tool Forms for workers Monitoring during site visits Information from demolition company (e.g. bookkeeping, interviews)

26. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (3) BAU selective demolition – Flow chart (1) – Draft flow chart materials

27. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (4) Flow chart of materials (part 1) DRAFT

28. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (5) Flow chart of materials (part 2) DRAFT

29. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (6) BAU selective demolition – Flow chart (2) – Draft flow chart network

30. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (7) Flow chart of network DRAFT

31. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (8) BAU bricks manufacturing Update – Site visit Dumoulin – Data collection in progress – Draft flow chart of manufacturing process

32. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (9) Flow chart of manufacturing process (part 1) DRAFT

33. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.1 LCA-LCC bricks case (10) Flow chart of manufacturing process (part 2) DRAFT

34. M9-M12 Progress Outline 10:50 – 11:35 M9-M12 Progress 10:50 – 11:05 T5.3 & T5.2.2 11:05 – 11:15 T5.2.1 11:15 – 11:25T5.2.3 (DAPP) 11:25 – 11:35 Q&A

35. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.3 LCA-LCC gypsum & wood (1) Gypsum – Preliminary identification of the goal and scope for environmental and economic evaluation of the gypsum circular economy; – Preliminary working document for data collection.

36. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.3 LCA-LCC gypsum & wood (2) Gypsum Refurbishment of complex building Recycling Task 4.2(4) - ACCIONA Product manufacturing Installation Cut off Output from: Task3.1.4 – MEBIN Task 3.2.1 - KNAUF Task3.1.4 – MEBIN Task 3.2.2 - KNAUF Task 4.3.4 - ACCIONA

37. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.3 LCA-LCC gypsum & wood (3) Wood – Preliminary identification of the goal and scope for environmental and economic evaluation of the wood circular economy; – Preliminary working document for data collection; – Data collection on preliminary composite samples (BFD and data collection for screening analyses).

38. M9-M12 Progress T5.2.3 LCA-LCC gypsum & wood (4) Wood C&D W collection (no stony fraction) C&D W collection (no stony fraction) Sorting & pre-crushing Output from: Task3.3.1– LAAT Task3.3.1 – TIIHO Task 3.3.2 – CON Task 3.2.2 – KNAUF Task 3.3.2 – VTT (test) support Product manufacturing Installation Cleaning, grinding & fine milling Cleaning, grinding & fine milling Task 4.3.5 – CON Task 4.3.5 – KNAUF Task3.3.1– LAAT

39. M9-M12 Progress Outline 10:50 – 11:35 M9-M12 Progress 10:50 – 11:05 T5.3 & T5.2.2 11:05 – 11:15 T5.2.1 11:15 – 11:25T5.2.3 11:25 – 11:35 Q&A

40. Next steps Outline 11:35 – 12:00 Next steps 11:35 – 11:40 Overview 11:40 – 11:45 T5.2.2 11:45 – 11:50T5.2.1 11:50 – 11:55T5.2.3 11:55 – 12:00 Q&A

41. D5.2 on MFA report will be due on M18. D5.3 on LCA/LCC screening report will be due on M24. D5.4 on LCA/LCC final report will be due on M46. 5M 11M Next steps Overview

42. M9: Identifying existing data sources VITO: Bricks in Belgium DAPP: Gypsum and Wood in Spain and Finland STRUK, MEBIN: concrete aggregate in the Netherlands DONE! M10-M14: Data gathering & processing DONE! M15-M17 APR – JUN 2016: Draft report M18 JUL 2016 : Final report Overview T5.3 Material Flow Analysis 5M

43. M37-M40: 2 nd Data refinement M41-M45: Calculation & Draft report M46: Final report Deadline for final data input!! M29-M36: 1 st Data refinement M25-M28: HISER case Data input M19-M23: Calculation & Screening report M9-M18 [JUL 2016] LCA course & site visits Communication & System descriptions Best estimation of environmental & financial data for processes, from literature & company experiences Flow block diagram “fixed”!! Overview T5.2 LCA-LCC case study 5M

44. Activities [ref. T4.2]Ref. PartnerTime ……………………. Data Collection Steps Demolition of an EOL non-residential building STRUK Aug 2015 LCA course (Done!) Oct – Dec 2015 Screening LCA (Done!) Jan – Feb 2016 Screening LCC (Done!) Mar 2016 Planning real data collection Apr – May 2016 Real data from Almere demolition Activities [ref. T4.3.2]Ref. PartnerTime ……………………. Data Collection Steps Crushing of EOL concrete using mobile pilot plant STRUK/ MEBIN/ TUD ?_______ LCA course (MEBIN) ?Jun 2016 Visit STRUK/MEBIN sites ?Jun 2016 Describe recycling processes including flow block diagram ?Jul 2016 environmental/financial data Manufacturing of new concrete using recovered silicate fraction and concrete aggregates MEBIN Activities [ref. T4.3.3]Ref. PartnerTime ………………. Data Collection Steps Collection/Crushing/Processing of EOL steel fiber reinforced concrete LAFAR ?______ LCA course (LAFAR) ?______ Visit LAFAR site ?______ Process description incl. flow block diagram ? Jul 2016 environmental/financial data Recovery of metallic fibers and coarse/fine aggregates Manufacturing of new steel fiber reinforced concrete T5.2.2 LCA-LCC concrete case

45. Next steps Outline 11:35 – 12:00 Next steps 11:35 – 11:40 Overview 11:40 – 11:45 T5.2.2 11:45 – 11:50T5.2.1 (VITO) 11:50 – 11:55T5.2.3 11:55 – 12:00 Q&A

46. Next Steps - T5.2.1 T5.2.1 LCA-LCC BAU SD Belgium Activities [ref. T4.1]Ref. PartnerTime Data Collection Steps Demolition of BAU SD complex building VCB D ONE interviews with stakeholders D ONE Description of activities (incl. stakeholder analysis) Mar/2016 On-site visits (foundations) Mar/2016 Process description including flow block diagram Mar/2016 Material balance from desk work D ONE Environmental/financial data of different unit processes Sorting of stony fraction (concrete & masonry) on site VCB Transport to crushing plant VCB D ONE Description of activities (incl. stakeholder analysis) D ONE Process description including flow block diagram D ONE Material balance from desk work D ONE Environmental/financial data of different unit processes Crushing (incl. sorting) of stony fraction for general use in roadworks VITOUse of generic data Transport to roadworks site VITOUse of generic data

47. Next Steps - T5.2.1 T5.2.1 LCA-LCC BAU brick manufacturing Activities [ref. T4.3.1]Ref. PartnerTime Data Collection Steps Extraction and Transport to brick manufactory plant DUMOULIN D ONE Description of activities (incl. stakeholder analysis) D ONE Process description including flow block diagram Feb/2016 Material balance from desk work Feb/2016 Environmental/financial data of different unit processes Manufactory of BAU bricks using ceramic aggregates DUMOULIN D ONE Interviews with stakeholders D ONE Description of activities (incl. stakeholder analysis) D ONE On-site visits Feb/2016 Process description including flow block diagram Feb/2016 Material balance from desk work Feb/2016 Environmental/financial data of different unit processes Transport of bricks to supplier and construction site VITOUse of generic data

48. Next Steps - T5.2.1 T5.2.1 LCA-LCC BIM SD & HISER recycling Activities [ref. T4.3.1]Ref. PartnerTime Data Collection Steps Demolition of complex building (incl. auxiliary works) using BIM technology and Tracimat supply chain tracking VCB ?______interviews with stakeholders ?______description of activities (incl. stakeholder analysis) ?______on-site visits ?______Process description including flow block diagram ?______material balance from desk work ?______environmental/financial data of different unit processes On-site sorting of stony fraction (concrete, masonry) + supply chain tracking VCB Transport of masonry fraction to crushing plant VCB Use of data from BAU-SD case Fragmentation & sorting of masonry fraction + sensor-based quality check VCB/VITO RTT Selfrag TU Delft ?______interviews with stakeholders ?______description of activities (incl. stakeholder analysis) ?______on-site visits ?______Process description including flow block diagram ?______material balance from desk work ?______environmental/financial data of different unit processes

49. Next Steps - T5.2.1 T5.2.1 LCA-LCC HISER brick manufacturing Activities [ref. T4.3.1]Ref. PartnerTime Data Collection Steps Transport to brick manufactory plant ?______description of activities (incl. stakeholder analysis) ?______Process description including flow block diagram ?______material balance from desk work ?______environmental/financial data of different unit processes Manufactory of new bricks using ceramic aggregates (replacing sand fraction) DUMOULIN ?______interviews with stakeholders ?______description of activities (incl. stakeholder analysis) ?______on-site visits ?______Process description including flow block diagram ?______material balance from desk work ?______environmental/financial data of different unit processes Transport of bricks to supplier and construction site VITOUse of generic data

50. Next Steps - T5.2.1 planning next months – Finalising life cycle inventory: BAU selective demolition case – Inventory of demolition of foundations BAU brick manufacturing (Dumoulin) – Inventory – Finalising block flow charts of BAU cases – Environmental / Financial modelling of BAU cases in SimaPro In Excel – Screening of BAU cases: interpretation of results In SimaPro In Excel

51. Next steps Outline 11:35 – 12:00 Next steps 11:35 – 11:40 Overview 11:40 – 11:45 T5.2.2 11:45 – 11:50T5.2.1 11:50 – 11:55T5.2.3 (DAPP) 11:55 – 12:00 Q&A

52. Next Steps - T5.2.2 T5.2.3 LCA-LCC gypsum and wood (1) Gypsum WhatTaskWhoMonth Data collection on refurbishment of complex building for data on secondary raw material with gypsum 4.2 (4)ACCIONA in collaboration with KNAUF Within M18 Data collection on preliminary results on technology for sorting and screening analyses 3.1.4 –3.2.1MEBIN, KNAUFStarting from M14 Data collection on preliminary results on products and screening analyses 3.1.4 - 3.2.2MEBIN, KNAUFStarting from M14 Provide preliminary results on gypsum circular economy WP3TUDWithin M20 Data on solution validation CS4 and screening analyses 4.3.4ACCIONA, KNAUF, MEBIN Starting from M22

53. Next Steps - T5.2.2 T5.2.3 LCA-LCC gypsum and wood (2) Wood TaskWhoMonth Preliminary results on composite samples3.3.2CONWithin M16 Data collection on C&DW collection, sorting and pre-crushing and screening analyses 3.3.1LAATStarting from M14 Data collection on cleaning, grinding & fine milling and screening analyses 3.3.1TIIHOStarting from M14 Data collection on products and screening analyses 3.3.2 –3.2.2CON, KNAUF, VTT Provide preliminary results on wood circular economy WP3TUDWithin M20 Data on solution validation CS54.3.5CON, KNAUF, VTT, TIIHO, LAAT Starting from M22

54. Next steps Outline 11:35 – 12:00 Next steps 11:35 – 11:40 Overview 11:40 – 11:45 T5.2.2 11:45 – 11:50T5.2.1 11:50 – 11:55T5.2.3 11:55 – 12:00 Q&A