1. Food and Nutrients

2. Macromolecules Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids
Chains of monomers (single units) make polymers (macromolecules)
Digestive enzymes breakdown polymers into their monomers

3. Carbohydrates Made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Major source for energy
Made up of monosaccharides (simples sugars (e.g. glucose, fructose, galactose)
Can form disaccharides (e.g. glucose + fructose = sucrose) and polysaccharides (e.g. glycogen and starch)

5. Fiber Cellulose from cell walls cannot be digested by humans
Insoluble fiber helps hold water and helps your muscles move food and wastes through your digestive system
Soluble fiber may reduce the risk of heart disease

6. Proteins Made up of amino acids Hair, muscles, enzymes
Excess amino acids cannot be stored, so you need to eat protein every day
Found in animal products such as meat, milk, eggs and cheese

7. Lipids Made from fatty acids and glycerol (triglycerides)
Energy storage
Help absorb fat-soluble vitamins
Cushioning and insulation

8. The good, the bad and the ugly!
Unsaturated Fats
Have at least one double-bond carbon in the fatty acid chain
Usually liquid at room temperature
Small amounts are good for a healthy diet
Saturated Fats
Single-bonded carbons in fatty acid chain
Contains the maximum number of hydrogen's (saturated)
Solids at room temperature
Eat sparingly
Trans Fats
Unsaturated fats that have been hydrogenated (had hydrogen added to them)
Longer shelf live, solids at room temperature
Should be avoided

11. Vitamins & Minerals Nutrients needed in small quantities
If carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are the building blocks, then vitamins & minerals are the tools

12. Vitamins Minerals Organic nutrients (contain carbon)
Water- or fat-soluble
Water-soluble vitamins like vitamin C and B cannot be stored and need to be in your daily diet
Small amounts of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) can be stored
Minerals
Inorganic nutrients (e.g. Ca, Fe, P, Cu, Na, Zn)
Minerals should be a part of your daily diet to replace what you lose in sweat and urine

13. Water
Most important nutrient!

14. Macromolecule Summary
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Dietary Source
Cereals, bread, rice, potatoes
Meat, eggs, cheese, beans
Cheese, milk
Polymer
(macromolecule)
Polysaccharides
Polypeptides
Triglycerides
Monomer
(subunits)
Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
Amino acids
Glycerol & fatty acids
Enzyme
Amylase, lactase
Proteases: pepsin, peptidase, trypsin
Lipases
Functions
Energy!!
Growth &repair, enzymes, transport, energy
Cellular membranes, nerve cells, hormones, energy

15. Matching Quiz http://www.neok12.com/Health-Nutrition.htm
Quiz on Nutrition #1 and #2