1. China Geography & Envr1 Egeo 324: East Asia Human Environment CHINA THE SETTING Part 1 Population and Physiography

2. China Geography & Envr2 First Day Your Name Why are you here?

3. Electronic Atlas Great Web Site – can use this for study purposes http://www.travelchinaguide.com/map/ China Geography & Envr3

4. 4 Circa 1100 AD

5. China Geography & Envr5

6. 6 Relative Size & Location of China

7. China Geography & Envr7 I. China The Geography and Environment Key Geographic concepts 1.Pattern vs Process 2. Site vs Situation “carrying capacity”, local resource network impacts 3.Push, Pull and Barriers to spread 4.Hearth Areas and Diffusion

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9. 9 Population Concentrations

10. China Geography & Envr10 Population Summary Classes

11. China Geography & Envr11 Population Concentrations another view

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14. One Child Starts

15. Urban Explosion In China China Geography & Envr15 http://eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/86000/86603/prd_oli_2014320.jpg http://io9.com/before-and-after-images-reveal- astounding-urban-growth-1730772776

16. So where do people not live? Regions that are Too High Too Cold Too Dry Too Wet (not a problem in China) China Geography & Envr16

17. China Geography & Envr17 Arid – Humid Divide North – South Divide Basins vs. Mountains Rivers Physiography: The subfield of geography that studies physical patterns and processes of the Earth. It aims to understand the forces that produce and change rocks, oceans, weather, and global flora and fauna patterns http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/physiographygeographyphysicalEarth * *

18. China Geography & Envr18 Remote Image

19. China Geography & Envr19 Three key physiographic features that control pattern of population (high, cold, & dry vs humid & warm) Mountains –What are their locations –What general orientations (directions) do they follow Basins –Red Basin –Arid Inland Basins Major Rivers & Valleys –Chang Jiang (Yangtze) –Huang He (Yellow) –Xi (Pearl)

20. China Geography & Envr20 FOCUS ON MOUNAINS: False Color Remote Image of Topography Source: http://mac01.eps.pitt.edu/geoweb/facilities/gislab/chinazscale.gif

21. China Geography & Envr21 Colision between South Asian plate and Asian plate creating Himilaya Mountains and Tibetan Plateau http://www.virtualuppermantle.info/China-Geology.htm

22. China Geography & Envr22 http://www.virtualuppermantle.info/China-Geology.htm

23. China Geography & Envr23 Physiography: Major Split Arid and Humid China Qinling Mts. ARID HUMID

24. Second Split: North and South Humid China China Geography & Envr24

25. China Geography & Envr25 Mountains: Creating the “checkerboard” split of China Tarim Junggar Red Qaidam North China Plain Qinling Mts Himalaya Altay Mts. (Altai) Altun Mts. Kunlun (Kunlung) Tien Shan

26. China Geography & Envr26 Placing these general lines on the landscape Source: http://mac01.eps.pitt.edu/geoweb/facilities/gislab.html

27. China Geography & Envr Six Sub- Regions now emerge 27

28. China Geography & Envr28 Physiographic Regions plotted on a map

29. China Geography & Envr29 Now focusing on the Basins Tarim Junggar or Dzungarian Red Qaidam North China Plain Qinling Mts Arid Basins Humid Basins/ Lowlands

30. China Geography & Envr30 Humid side of China including the Red Basin capturing clouds from the monsoon Red Basin

31. Focus on mainly the Arid Basins China Geography & Envr31 Note the Red Basin is also called the Sichuan Basin

32. Many of these Arid Basins are China’s Deserts China Geography & Envr32

33. Tarim Basin: Takalamakin Desert China Geography & Envr33 http://eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/ve/2315/Taklimakan.A2001300.0535.1km.jpg

34. China Geography & Envr34 Deserts of China Map of approximate area of sandy and gobi deserts (shamo) and sandy lands (shadi) in China. 1. Taklimakan Shamo; 2. Gurban Tonggut Shamo; 3. Kumtag Shamo; 4. the shamo in the Qaidam Basin; 5. Badain Jaran Shamo; 6. Tengger Shamo; 7. Ulan Buh Shamo; 8. Qubqi Shamo; 9. Mu Us Shadi; 10. Ortindag Shadi; 11. Horqin Shadi; 12. Hulun Buir Shadi; and 13. shamo in Turpan Depression. http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/multimedi a/images/2007/chinadesert_feat.html Gobi refers to gravely and Shamo to sandy desert

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36. China Geography & Envr36 Compare Topography & Population Which Basins and lowlands have population, which don’t? Refer back to population maps

37. China Geography & Envr37 Compare Topography & Population Note the populations along the edge of western basins, but generally not on the Tibetan Plateau

38. China Geography & Envr38 Settlements in 3 rd Century AD

39. Rivers and Drainage of China Three ancient Pre-Cambrian Massifs (islands in ancient oceans) create broad drainage pattern 36% Interior Drainage 64% Coastal Drainage Critical to Human Habitation China Geography & Envr39

40. China Geography & Envr40 SE Massif Tibetan Massif Mongolian Massif Coastal Drainage Interior Drainage Rivers: Origins on Massifs Drainage either Coastal or Interior

41. China Geography & Envr41 Adding the Major Rivers Huang He – Elevated in coastal plain – occasionally goes dry Chang Jiang – longest & 17 times the flow of the Huang He Xi Jiang – short but much more flow then Huang He

42. China Geography & Envr42 Practice drawing in the Massifs and Drainage on this map

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44. China Geography & Envr44 Now explain where population is and isn’t and why.

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47. China Geography & Envr47 Key Concepts Revealed 1.Population Patterns reveal the human process of meeting basic needs, especially food 2.Some sites have greater resources and thus higher carrying capacity 3.Rivers form networks linking resource rich areas and provide a most basic resource H 2 O 4.Good land pulls population, people are pushed out of crowded spaces, natural barriers channel flows 5.North China plain is the cradle of Chinese civilization it diffused from this area 6.Modern economies favor locations on international networks (situation – think of modern trading cities).

48. China Geography & Envr48 Key Concepts Revealed 6.Local resources, like good farm land are a SITE characteristic, historically attracted population 7.Rivers that offer natural transportation links are a SITUATION characteristic (Yangtze River) 8.Patterns can be read off maps and then Geographers can speculate on Processes causing them 9.Mountains are barriers to spread, valleys, basins, and lowlands encourage movement and migration (as long as not desert) 10.North China was an important hearth area for the diffusion of Chinese civilization

49. China Geography & Envr49 Artificial Barriers to Movement

50. China Geography & Envr50 Modern Chinese views of Ocean Barriers

51. China Geography & Envr51 Map for your study and examples of sketch maps

52. China Geography & Envr52 Crude hand drawn map with errors

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