1. Egypt

3. Quick Facts Population approx. 89 million Capital city = Cairo
A transcontinental country (on 2 continents)
The Nile is the world’s longest river
The Sahara is the world’s largest hot desert
Egypt is the most populous country in the Arab World, the third-most populous in Africa (after Nigeria and Ethiopia), and the fifteenth-most populous in the world
Egypt has between pyramids

4. Brief History
5000 BC = People settle down and grow crops along the banks of the Nile
2630 BC = Imhotep builds the first pyramid
BC = The reign of Tutankhamen
B.C = Reign of Ramses III, Hebrew migration out of Egypt
332 B.C. = Alexander the Great conquers Egypt
31 BC = Rome conquers Egypt. Cleopatra commits suicide.
642 AD = Arab conquest of Egypt.
1517 = Egypt becomes a part of the Ottoman Empire
1822 = Discovery of how to read ancient hieroglyphics
= UK controls Egypt
1953 = Egypt becomes independent
2011 = Egyptian revolution, longtime President Hosni Mubarak stepped down amid mass protests

5. Egyptian Revolution 2011
Egyptian protestors focused on lack of free speech and free elections, police brutality, government corruption, high unemployment, inflation, and continued use of emergency law.
An estimated 800 people died and over 6,000 were injured in the process.
Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak resigned on February 11th.
The Egyptian revolution sparked other revolutions in Yemen, Syria, Jordan, Libya, and Bahrain

6. Weird Facts On average, only an inch of rain falls in Egypt per year.
Pharaoh Ramses II had over 90 children with his 8 official wives and nearly 100 concubines
Because hieroglyphs have no vowels, we will never know for sure how the ancients pronounced their words.

7. Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt

8. Tourism in Egypt Tourism compromises 12% of the work force in Egypt
During the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, the number of visitors plummeted by over 37% that year falling from 14 million in 2010 to just 9 million by the end of 2011
In the first half of 2014 the number of tourists further declined by 25% as compared with the same period of 2013, while revenues shrank by 25% as well.

9. Cairo The capital and largest city, population over 10 million
Mosques, marketplaces, museums
Pyramids of Giza

10. Egyptian Museum
It contains mummies, death masks, sarcophaguses, relics from Pharaohs’ tombs

11. The Great Pyramids
The pyramids of Egypt are not only the oldest of the seven wonders of the ancient world, they are the only ones to survive today. 
At the Giza Pyramid complex, there are 6 pyramids and the Sphinx
They were originally covered in white limestone
Contrary to popular belief, it is no longer thought that the pyramids of Giza were built by slaves

12. The Great Pyramid of Khufu
Built as a burial place for King Khufu ( B.C.) and took more than 20 years to build.
It is built from over two million blocks of limestone, each one weighing as much as two and a half elephants. It stands about 460 feet (149 m) high—taller than the Statue of Liberty. The base of the Great Pyramid takes up almost as much space as five football fields

13. Great Pyramid of Khufu (2580–2560 BC)
Pyramid of Khafre (2570 BC )
Pyramid of Menkaure (2510 BC)
The Queens’ Pyramids

14. The Great Sphinx
A limestone statue of a reclining sphinx (a mythical creature with a lion's body and a human head)
The face of the Sphinx is generally believed to represent the face of the Pharaoh Khafra
Built 2558–2532 BC

15. The Nile River
6,853 km long
Its water resources are shared by eleven countries
Most of the Egyptian population lives very close to the river
Without its floods and rich delta land, Egyptian civilization would never have become so powerful

16. Aswan Dam As an attempt to control the annual flooding of the Nile
Built in Egypt in 1971, one of the largest dams in the world
The rich silt that normally fertilized the dry Egyptian land settled in Lake Nasser after the building of the dam, forcing farmers to use one million tons of artificial fertilizer every year.
Created Lake Nasser, one of the biggest man-made lakes in the world

17. Temple of Philae Now is on an island downstream of the Aswan Dam
UNESCO moved the entire ancient temple complex to a higher island to prevent it from being flooded

18. Valley of Kings
For 500 years from the 16th to 11th century BC, tombs were constructed for the Pharaohs and powerful nobles of the New Kingdom
Contain 63 tombs and chambers, and new ones are still being found
The tomb of Tutankhamun (with its rumours of the Curse of the Pharaohs), is one of the most famous archaeological sites in the world

19. Karnak A vast mix of decayed temples, chapels, and other buildings
The second largest ancient religious site in the world, after the Angkor Wat Temple of Cambodia
The second most visited historical site in Egypt
Approximately 30 pharaohs contributed to the buildings
Built from 2055 BC to 100 AD.

20. Luxor
The city of Luxor has frequently been characterized as the "world's greatest open-air museum", as the ruins of the temple complexes at Karnak and Luxor stand within the modern city.

21. Memphis
Capital of Egypt during the Old Kingdom
Now is only ruins

22. Saqqara
A vast, ancient burial ground for the Ancient Egyptian capital, Memphis
Saqqara features numerous pyramids, including the world famous Step pyramid of Djoser
Located some 30 km south of modern-day Cairo
Built 2667–2648 BC

23. Alexandria Egypt’s second largest city
Located on the Mediterranean Sea
Its low elevation on the Nile delta makes it highly vulnerable to rising sea levels
Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC
Known for the Great Lighthouse, Great Library

24. Sharm el-Shaikh A city on the tip of the Sinai Peninsula
A holiday resort and significant centre for tourism in Egypt
A major diving centre on the Red Sea

25. Mt Sinai A mountain in the Sinai Peninsula
According to Jewish, Christian, and Islamic tradition, this where Moses received the Ten Commandments
The oldest working monastery at its base
Two ways up: one is longer but easier, one is steeper and more direct route (the 3,750 “Steps of Penitence"