1. Cold War Standard 10.9.5 Resistance in Eastern Europe Standard Objective – Describe the uprisings in Hungary (1956), Czechoslovakia (1968), and Poland (1956/1980) and those countries’ resurgence in the 1980s as people in Soviet satellites sought freedom from Soviet control. 10.9.5

2. Question of the Day Evaluation What choice would you have made about joining the Hungarian revolt against Communist rule in 1956? Write a paragraph explaining your choice. Include a topic sentence and statements of fact and opinion to support your topic sentence. What choice would you have made about joining the Hungarian revolt against Communist rule in 1956? Write a paragraph explaining your choice. Include a topic sentence and statements of fact and opinion to support your topic sentence.

3. Resistance to Communist Control After World War II, the Soviet Union dominated most of Eastern Europe politically and economically. 10.9.5 Resistance in Eastern Europe

4. Resistance to Communist Control However, many nations resisted – and ultimately freed themselves from – communist control. Among the first were Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. 10.9.5

5. Resistance to Communist Control Hungary 1956 An anti-communist revolt broke out and Hungarian soldiers and civilians installed a new government lead by former communist leader Imre Nagy. Soviet troops crush the uprising and execute Nagy. 10.9.5

6. You Must Remember This Question – What happened once Soviet troops got involved in the Hungarian revolt of 1956? Question – What happened once Soviet troops got involved in the Hungarian revolt of 1956?

7. Resistance to Communist Control Czechoslovakia 1968 Czech communist leader Alexander Dubcek began democratic reforms, including freedom of speech and press, known as the Prague Spring. The Soviet Union invaded Czechoslovakia, repealed Dubcek’s reforms, and expelled him from the party. 10.9.5 Resistance in Eastern Europe

8. You Must Remember This! Question – Who was Alexander Dubcek?

9. Question - How did the Soviet Union respond to the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia? Question - How did the Soviet Union respond to the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia?

10. You Must Remember This! Question – What was the Soviet Union trying to accomplish by crushing the rebellions in Hungary and Czechoslovakia? Question – What was the Soviet Union trying to accomplish by crushing the rebellions in Hungary and Czechoslovakia?

11. Resistance to Communist Control Poland 1956 Revolts against communism erupted in Poland and a series of reforms were adopted. Fearful of a Soviet armed response, however, the government pledged to remain loyal to the Soviet Union.

12. Resistance to Communist Control Poland 1980 The Polish trade union Solidarity launched a strike at a shipyard in Gdansk led by Lech Walesa. By 1981, Solidarity had nearly 10 million members. In 1981, the government banned the union and jailed its leaders. 10.9.5

13. You Must Remember This! Question – What was Solidarity? Question – What was Solidarity? Question – What action did Solidarity take against the government in 1980? Question – What action did Solidarity take against the government in 1980?

14. Soviet Union – Glasnost and Perestroika Soviet Union 1985 Mikail Gorbachev takes power amid economic troubles and announces the policies of glasnost (openness of information and ideas) and perestroika (economic restructuring). 10.9.5 Resistance in Eastern Europe

15. The Collapse of Communist Rule Hungary 1989 The communist party congress votes to dissolve itself and to pass legislation that will allow for free elections and a democratic political system. 10.9.5 Resistance in Eastern Europe

16. You Must Remember This! Question - How did Communism come to an end in Hungary? Question - How did Communism come to an end in Hungary?

17. The Collapse of Communist Rule Czechoslovakia 1989 Peaceful student protests launch the Velvet Revolution, a mostly nonviolent transition from communist power, as the communist government resigned and was replaced by a non-communist government. 10.9.5

18. You Must Remember This! Question – What was the Velvet Revolution? Question – What was the Velvet Revolution?

19. The Collapse of Communist Rule Poland 1989 After years of Solidarity launching boycotts and strikes from underground, the government agreed to legalize the union and allowed it to participate in elections. Poles voted the communists out of office in favor of Solidarity candidates. 10.9.5

20. You Must Remember This! Question – What major event in 1985 helped bring about the end of communism in Eastern Europe four years later? Question – What major event in 1985 helped bring about the end of communism in Eastern Europe four years later?

21. Standard Summary 1. Soviet troops will crush the Hungarian uprising of 1956 and execute its leader, Imre Negy. 2. The trade union Solidarity will lead a successful anticommunist movement in Poland. Required Readings: 554-557, 618-624

22. Sentence Example Question – What happened once Soviet troops got involved in the Hungarian revolt of 1956? Question – What happened once Soviet troops got involved in the Hungarian revolt of 1956? Answer – Soviet troops will crush the Hungarian revolt and execute Imre Nagy in 1956. Answer – Soviet troops will crush the Hungarian revolt and execute Imre Nagy in 1956.

23. Question of the Day Evaluation What choice would you have made about joining the Hungarian revolt against Communist rule in 1956? Write a paragraph explaining your choice. Include a topic sentence and statements of fact and opinion to support your topic sentence. What choice would you have made about joining the Hungarian revolt against Communist rule in 1956? Write a paragraph explaining your choice. Include a topic sentence and statements of fact and opinion to support your topic sentence.

24. Topic Sentence I _______________ have joined the Hungarian revolt against Communist rule in 1956. I _______________ have joined the Hungarian revolt against Communist rule in 1956.