1. Chapter 2 Section 4: Middle & Southern Colonies

3. The Dutch in NY 1621- Dutch West India Co. to develop trade started New Netherlands on the Hudson Bay & Delaware Rivers A thriving colony –New Amsterdam, mouth of the Hudson ( Manhattan)

4. Director was Peter Minuit Traded goods with the Natives to use the Hudson 3 reasons for success –Fruitful country, Navigable rivers, Natives bring fur to trade First synagogue (Religious freedom)

5. England takes over 1664- King Charles II declared that the entire region belonged to his brother, the Duke of York –York sent a fleet of 4 ships & 100’s of soldiers –Easily taken over & renames NY

6. The Other Middle Colonies New Jersey –York split it in East Jersey & West Jersey –East- New York –West- Pennsylvania –1702- came together as a royal colony

7. William Penn in Pennsylvania 1681- received a huge land grant from King Charles II –Owed Penn’s Father “Penn’s Woods” Religious tolerance

8. Made agreement with the Natives over land use & then brought people over Quakers- people should be treated as equals

9. Delaware 1638- first Swedish settlement Captured by the Dutch, then taken by York 1682- turned over to Penn who allowed it to be a separate colony

10. The Southern Colonies

11. Maryland –Idea of George Calvert –Wanted a safe place for Roman Catholics to live –Asked for a charter in the Chesapeake Bay- died before written

12. Issued to his son Lord Baltimore 1 st arrived in 1634 –Maryland Act of Toleration (Puritans outnumber Catholics) »To prevent Catholic persecution (anyone who believed in Jesus)

13. Changed to non-Christians would be put to death Grew tobacco & started to enslave Africans

14. The Carolinas King granted ownership to a group of English nobles in 1663 Split into North & South in 1712 1719- SC became a royal colony & 1729 NC did the same Thrived on tobacco profits & trade with the Natives

15. Georgia Set up as a proprietary colony in 1732 –Managed by trustees Led by James Oglethorpe Wanted to make a haven for people who had been in jail in Europe for not paying debts

16. Also protected the Southern colonies against attack from Spanish raiders in Florida Strict rules –No slaves or drinking hard liquor All professions were allowed –Catholics were not tolerated

17. Peace with Natives Rules gradually changed After 20 years trustees gave their charter back & it became a royal colony in 1752