1. 1948 - 1965

2.  July 26, 1948, President Harry Truman issued and Executive Order to Abolish Segregation in the Armed Services  It Was Implemented Over Several Years

3.  In 1954 the U. S. Supreme Court Heard the Case of Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka  NAACP Attorney Thurgood Marshall Argued That Segregation in Public Schools Violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14 th Amendment

4.  In 1954 the Supreme Court Ruled That Segregation in Public Schools DID Violate the Equal Protection Clause of the 14 th Amendment  This Ruling That Segregation in Public Schools Was Unconstitutional Reversed the earlier court decision in Plessy V. Ferguson (1896)

5.  In 1955 Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a White person on a bus in Montgomery Alabama  She was taken off the bus and Arrested  African Americans began a prolonged Boycott of the bus company

6.  After the Decision in Brown V. Board many school districts kept refusing to admit Black students  In Little Rock, Arkansas nine courageous African American students were the first to Integrate the city’s Central High School  President Eisenhower sent Troops to escort them to school

7.  When four African American college students placed an order at a “Whites Only” lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, They sparked acts of Civil Disobedience in many other cities.

8.  Groups of courageous White and Black men and women challenged discrimination by taking interstate Bus Trips through the South and using the “Wrong” facilities at stops.

9.  In August of 1963, More Than 250,000 People Gathered in Washington, D. C., to Demand Racial Justice; Martin Luther King, Jr. Gave His “I Have A Dream” Speech.

10.  This Bill was designed to outlaw Discrimination in Public Accommodations  It was initiated by President John F. Kennedy in 1963  It was signed Into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on July 2, 1964

11.  After this bill was signed into law, African Americans who had been kept from voting could finally have an impact on Local, State, and Federal Elections.

12.  In The Spring of 1965, Demonstrators demanding an end to discrimination gathered in Selma, Alabama to march to the state capital, Montgomery, Fifty Miles Away.