1. *Bellringer: 3/28 + 3/29* Welcome back from Spring Break! 1. Pick up the papers by the door. 2. Answer the following review questions:

2. *AGENDA: 3/28 + 3/29* Welcome back from Spring Break! 1. Pick up the papers by the door. 2. Turn in your Dark Ages doc. response to your class drawer in the back. 3. Answer the following review questions:

3. The Middle Ages: Feudalism and the Manor System

4. How is medieval society organized? 1. Kings and Queens Rulers 2. Nobility Lords and Knights Controlled the land 3. Clergy Church officials 4. Peasants Majority of the population Worked the land and served the nobles

5. What is feudalism? Political and social system based on the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services

6. What is feudalism? Developed as a result of frequent invasions in western Europe Kings and nobles needed a way to protect their lands

7. 7 Structure of Feudalism SERFS AND FREEMEN

8. 8 How does feudalism work? LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABORPROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

9. 9 How does feudalism work? LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABORPROTECTION POWERFUL NOBLES SERFS AND FREEMEN LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE

10. 10 How does feudalism work? LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABORPROTECTION POWERFUL NOBLES KING SERFS AND FREEMEN LAND AND PROTECTION LAND LOYALTY AND SERVICE LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE

11. How does feudalism work? Lords divided their lands into estates called fiefs Fiefs (land) given to vassals – A person granted land in return for loyalty or military service All nobles were vassals to the king

12. How does feudalism work? Knights – Mounted warriors who protected lord’s lands – Given land for their services – Chivalry Code of ethics followed by knights Honesty, fairness in battle, loyal, proper treatment of women

14. Feudal Obligations Knights: – Provide military service – Remain loyal and faithful – Give money on special occasions Serfs: – Work land – Loyalty Give land Protect from attack Resolve disputes between knights

16. Feudalism has FOUR GOALS: 1. Political Order 2. Economic Stability 3. Prosperity 4. Opportunity

17. Recap Questions: 1. Explain why feudalism developed in western Europe. 2. What was a knight’s obligation to the lord? 3. What was the lord’s obligation to the knight?

18. What is the manorial system? An economic system in the Middle Ages that was built around large estates called manors Included a village and the land surrounding it

19. What is the manorial system? Manors were self sufficient – Most things needed for daily life were produced on the manor

21. Who/what was involved in the manorial system? Serfs – Peasants who lived and worked on the lord’s manor – Were not allowed to leave the manor or marry without the lord’s permission – Were allowed to farm on the manor in return for work Lords were required to protect the serfs

22. Who/what was involved in the manorial system? The life of a serf was harsh – Worked long hours – few lived past 35 years old – Based on heredity You were a serf if you parents were

23. Who/what was involved in the manorial system? The Harshness of Manor Life – Peasants pay taxes to use mill and bakery; pay a tithe to priest Tithe—a church tax—is equal to one-tenth of a peasant’s income – Serfs live in crowded cottages with dirt floors, straw for beds – Worked long hours raising crops, livestock; feeding and clothing family – Poor diet, illness, malnutrition make life expectancy 35 years – Serfs generally accept their lives as part of God’s plan

24. Who/what was involved in the manorial system? Freemen – skilled workers (artisans) who paid rent to nobles and could leave the manor Ex. Blacksmith and millers

25. Recap Questions: What was the Manorial System How were manors self sufficient? Explain why feudalism developed in western Europe.