1. Evidence For Evolution

2. Evidence Fossil Record Anatomical Homology Developmental Homology
Molecular Homology
Biogeography

3. Fossil Evidence
Provides snapshots of the past that, when assembled, illustrate a picture of evolutionary change
There are gaps or missing pieces of the puzzle but inferences show that life is old and has changed over time.

4. Fossil Evidence
Transitional fossils are fossils that show intermediate or in-between states of an organisms lineage.

5. Homology
Similar traits or functions among organisms that show relationship.
Three types
Anatomical
Developmental
Molecular

6. Anatomical Homology
Comparisons of the anatomy of two organisms can show relationship.

7. Anatomical Homology
Sometimes a bone is present in an organism that has been reduced in size and either has no use or less importance than they do in related organisms. These are called vestigial structures.

8. Developmental Homology
Similarities between the developments of embryos in organisms.

9. Developmental Homology
Homeobox (Hox genes) are a sequence of nucleotides that are believed to control genes that influence body plans of organisms.
They are believed to play an important role in evolution because mutations that occur in this gene lead to development of a body structure in a different position.

10. Molecular Homology
Cellular – all organisms are made of cells that contain similar structures and are made of the same biomolecules

11. Molecular Homology
Comparison of the amino acid sequence in related organism can show relationship.

12. Molecular Homology
A more accurate reflection of evolutionary relationship lies in the nucleotide sequence rather than the amino acid differences because some proteins can evolve more quickly.

13. Biogeography
Distribution of living things on the earth provides information about past life and the surface of the earth.
Consistent with the movement of the earth’s plates.

14. Biogeography
Example – marsupials are found in the Americas as well as Australia and New Guinea; however, they did not swim across the Pacific.

15. Biogeography
Fossils of marsupials have been found in South America and Australia.
Scientists have demonstrated that there was once a large land mass called Gondwana.
Marsupials took a “ride” on the continents as they moved to their current locations.