1. HIGHLIGHTS  BACKGROUND  CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES  NEGATIVE IMPACT  THE PROPOSAL

2.  Authority for Action  WTDC-10, Res. 47, WTSA-08 Res. 76 and the PP-10 Res.177 have been adopted.  ITU Council-2009 endorsed those Res considering their importance to developing countries in bridging the digital divide.  C & I Resolutions request following actions  Awareness creation  capacity building through workshops & training programmes  Establishment of test centres in developing countries  Interoperability events  Conformity database 2

3.  Actions are led by TSB and BDT  TSB has set-up C&I database  Manufacturers must make visible declaration of conformity  Only about 2% of 3000+ ITU-T Recommendations have test specifications  TSB/SG has to work hard to increase this percentage  Database experiencing slow patronage due to lack of  co-operation by manufacturers and vendors  Acceptance from some developed countries 3

4.  Problems continue to exist after 4 years of adoption  High cost of proprietary equipment  Core and backhaul networks  Problem of end user affordability  Non interoperable hardware devices and software applications  core network  Poor QoS delivery  Proliferation of sub-standard ICT devices and terminals as a result of  lack of testing labs in developing markets,  Lack of adequate of monitoring of the influx of ICT equipment  Lack of understanding of the test reports and different interpretations  capacity building challenges (personnel)  regulatory non compliance 4

5.  Silent policy and regulatory framework  None existence of MRAs  Poor market surveillance capabilities  Regulatory vacuum  Difficulty in Type approving and certifying equipment due to  different interpretations of specification by manufacturers 5

6.  Increase in ICT digital divide and standardisation gap; counter productive to ITU-T Res. 44  Inadequate technical and financial capabilities  Absence of C& I testing do not facilitate the uptake of technology and services  Less consumer confidence in Regulatory bodies  Some obsolete and legacy ICT equipment  Interfaces and protocols of such systems are incompatible with modern (NGN) systems 6

7. Equip. Category (1) Description of the problem (2) Reasons (3) OMC Signalingno conformity to standards Announcement Machine for subscribers Signalingno conformity to standards IN Partial/Total non conformity for expected functionalities no conformity to standards NGN (RNC/MGW) Software poor interoperability equipment different vendors Mobile Switching Center Signaling poor interoperability equipment different vendors 7

8.  Better exposure for vendors  Opportunity for small and emerging vendors  Higher probability of interoperability  Assist better interpretation and understanding of standards, testing and test results  Facilitate MRAs, Regulatory and Policy framework 8

9.  Ghana requests Director TSB to intensify efforts to ensure a full implementation ITU-T Res 76 during the next study period  Vendors need to support TSB efforts in bridging the digital divide through adopted resolutions  Res. 76, 44 etc.  May require protocol and equipment security implementation.  a recommendation for investigation by appropriate SG 9

10.  Africa group should support the TSB efforts in implementing C&I database program  to guide our national standards development  The group should collaborate with the Director TSB to implement the recommended actions on  Resolution 76 (Johannesburg, 2008) and as endorsed  by ITU Council in 2009;  We should continue to dialogue  until Res. 76, 44 and 177 become fully implemented at least for the benefit of DC. 10

11.  A number of private and government entities provide voluntary  certification, testing laboratory and accreditation database schemes  Global Certification Forum  GCF operates a certification scheme for mobile phones and wireless devices based on 3GPP standards.  CTIA – The Wireless Association administers:  PTCRB scheme for GSM and UMTS devices in the USA  CDMA Certification Forum for CDMA2000 devices for the global market  CTIA Battery Certification Program for IEEE 1725 – 2006 and IEEE 1625 – 2008 rechargeable batteries  Bluetooth Compatibility Certification Program 11

12.  WiFi Alliance  operates certification programs for products based on IEEE 802.11 standards.  WiMAX Forum  certifies interoperability of IEEE 802.16e products.  Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF)  manages certification programs for Carrier Ethernet equipment and services.  Broadband Forum (BBF)  test specifications for DSL and TDM services over MPLS,  accredits independent DSL testing laboratories  administers an MPLS certification program.  MPLS in mobile backhaul certified products 12

13.  HomeGrid Forum  develops a G.hn compliance and interoperability programme.  IEEE Conformity Assessment Programme (ICAP)  offers a Product Conformance Registry for manufacturers to register products that conform to IEEE specifications and a Test Lab Registry for testing laboratories.  IEEE 1588 Conformity Alliance  ensures conformance to the IEEE 1588 "Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems".  CableLabs  produce specifications with the aim of developing interoperable cable devices such as cable modems, set-top boxes, digital TVs and telephony devices.  SIPForum  has established a programme for supplier declaration of compliance with the SIPconnect technical specification. 13