1. INNOVATIONS OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Section 2

2. TEXTILE INDUSTRY  In the late 1700s the manufacturing of cloth transformed Britain  Population boom = demand for clothing  Population boom = agricultural revolution  Global Connection  The consumption of cotton rose dramatically in Britain, which came directly from plantations in South America

3. INVENTIONS  By 1800, six major inventions had transformed the cotton industry.  1) 1733, John Kay made the flying shutter. (Boat piece of wood to which yarn was attached.) Allowed the weaver to work twice as fast.  2.) 1764, James Hargreaves invented a new spinning wheel. Called the spinning jenny. Allowed one spinner to work six or eight threads at a time.

4.  flying shutter Spinning Jenny 

5. INVENTIONS  3) 1769, Richard Arkwright’s water frame. Used waterpower from streams to drive spinning wheels.  4) 1779, Samuel Crompton combined features of the spinning jenny and the water frame to make the spinning mule. Made thread that was stronger & finer.  5) 1785, Edmund Cartwright’s power loom. Run by waterpower and sped up weaving.  6) 1793, Eli Whitney made a cotton gin. Made it possible for slaves to pick and clean ten times as much cotton daily than ever before.

6.  Spinning Mule Power Loom 

7. Water Frame Cotton Gin

8. INVENTIONS  The water frame and the spinning mule were too large and expensive for people to use at home.  Families stopped working at home.  Textile merchants set up factories.  These were built near streams or waterfalls.

9. ENTREPRENEURS  Power looms & spinning machines ran on waterpower  factories had to be by water sources.  These places were often far away.  Found the answer in steam.

10. ENTREPRENEURS  Entrepreneur: a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business.  1770’s, James Watt partnered with Matthew Boulton to make a better steam engine.