2. The Structure of the Earth The structure of the Earth How molten rocks can reach the Earths surface Describe the theory of plate tectonics

3. The structure of the Earth tectonic plate, magma Draw and label the diagram below:

4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=av1Ieq0q06Q&feature=youtu.be http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtBXTvtFaCU How molten rocks can reach the Earths surface tectonic plate, magma

6. Limestone The uses for limestone Where limestone comes from Describe the advantages of quarrying

7. 6 Mark Question Outline the advantages and disadvantages of limestone quarries. Describe the advantages of quarrying Limestone, quarry

8. Concrete How cement and concrete are made How metal carbonates may be decomposed by heating Describe the advantages of reinforced concrete

9. Thermal decomposition What do you understand by the term ‘thermal decomposition’? How metal carbonates may be decomposed by heating thermal decomposition, cement, concrete Calcium carbonatecalcium oxide +carbon dioxide

10. Alkalis from limestone How metal carbonates may be decomposed by heating thermal decomposition, cement, concrete Calcium carbonatecalcium oxide +carbon dioxide Calcium oxide+water calcium hydroxide Outline the uses of calcium hydroxide.

11. How cement and concrete are made thermal decomposition, cement, concrete

12. How cement and concrete are made thermal decomposition, cement, concrete calcium carbonate CaCO 3 calcium oxide CaCO calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 cement concrete mortar TASK: The diagram shows how cement, concrete and mortar are made. Add what takes place at each step to complete the diagram

13. Copper How copper can be extracted The advantages and disadvantages of recycling metals Produce word and symbol equations outlining copper extraction

14. Part 1 a Put one spatula measure of powdered malachite, copper(II) carbonate, into a crucible. b Heat the crucible and contents, slowly at first, then strongly until there is no further change in appearance of the mixture. c Allow the crucible and contents to cool for a few minutes. Part 2 d Add two spatula measures of powdered charcoal (carbon) to the contents of the crucible. Mix with the spatula whilst holding the crucible with tongs. Finally, add a thin layer of powdered charcoal over the surface of the mixture. e Heat the crucible and its contents strongly on the tripod and gauze for a few minutes. Beware of sparks. f Allow the mixture to cool for a couple of minutes. g Half fill the beaker with water and then use tongs to tip the powder from the crucible into the water. h Swirl the contents of the beaker around so that any copper falls to the bottom, and then pour off the water and charcoal suspension. i Add more water and keep on pouring and swirling so only the heavy material is left at the bottom of the beaker.

15. How copper can be extracted Copper, electrolysis, phytomining, bioleaching Why is copper becoming more expensive?

16. How copper can be extracted Copper, electrolysis, phytomining, bioleaching Electrolysis of copper

17. Copper is usually found combined with other elements to form compounds. Copper ore contains these compounds. Copper metal is extracted by heating crushed ore with carbon. This works because carbon is more reactive than copper. For example, malachite is a green mineral containing copper carbonate. It easily breaks down to form copper oxide when heated. Carbon dioxide gas is also produced. The copper oxide is then heated with carbon. This is a reduction reaction. Pure copper is produced along with carbon dioxide. Produce word and symbol equations outlining copper extraction Copper, electrolysis, phytomining, bioleaching Copper Extraction

18. How copper can be extracted Copper, electrolysis, phytomining, bioleaching Extraction Method How it WorksAdvantageDisadvantage Phytomining Bioleaching Smelting Electrolysis Copper Extraction

19. 6 Mark Question Copper is an important metal. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of recycling metals like copper. The advantages and disadvantages of recycling metals Copper, electrolysis, phytomining, bioleaching

20. Alloys what an alloy is How the properties of an alloy determine its use Explain the use of ‘smart alloys’

21. what an alloy is alloy, alloy steel, shape-memory alloy What is an alloy? When a metal is mixed with small amounts of another metal it can improve the properties of a metal. This is called an alloy.

22. what an alloy is alloy, alloy steel, shape-memory alloy

23. How the properties of an alloy determine its use alloy, alloy steel, shape-memory alloy AlloyMain metals in alloyTypical large-scale use AmalgamMercuryTooth fillings BrassCopper and zincMusical instruments and coins solderLead and tinJoining electrical wires Types of alloys https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LCMs-7K8nLk

24. Making Cars The major materials used in a car and know why they are used The advantages and disadvantages of using steel and aluminium Outline the advantages and disadvantages of recycling cars

25. The major materials used in a car and know why they are used alloy, alloy steel, shape-memory alloy Make a table listing the materials needed to build a car. Outline why you would use each of these materials. TASK 1:

26. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of recycling cars alloy, alloy steel, shape-memory alloy Outline the advantages and disadvantages of recycling cars. The quality of written communication will be assessed in this answer. 6 Mark Question:

27. Making Ammonia How ammonia can be produced Identify the advantages and disadvantages when making ammonia The uses of ammonia in society

28. Uses of Ammonia: UsePercentage Making fertilisers80% Making nylon7% Making nitric acid5% Making other chemicals (cleaning products) 8% The uses of ammonia in society Ammonia, Haber process, fertiliser

29. Making Ammonia: Identify the advantages and disadvantages when making ammonia Ammonia, Haber process, fertiliser Ammonia is made from nitrogen and hydrogen using the Haber Process. Nitrogen is combined with hydrogen to form ammonia. The hydrogen often comes from cracking oil fractions or natural gas. The nitrogen comes from air. For nitrogen to react with hydrogen you need: High pressure A temperature of 450 o C (a lower temperature than this works better) An iron catalyst (this will speed up the reaction but will not get used up) Review this paragraph. 1)Construct a word and symbol equation using the cards provided 2)What are the advantages and disadvantages of making ammonia this way?

30. Making ammonia Using the headings below, produce a practical write-up for your ammonia experiment. 1)Title 2)Aim 3)Diagram 4)Equipment (list + why used) 5)Safety 6)Method 7)Results 8)Conclusion 9)Evaluation Produce and test a sample of ammonia in the lab Ammonia, Haber process, fertiliser

31. Acids and Alkalis How neutralisation occurs and the products of it Describe neutralisation in terms of H + and OH - ions How the pH scale is used

32. Recap How the pH scale is used Acidic, neutral, indicator, neutralisation Think back to year 7, what do you recall about acids and alkalis???

33. Neutralisation How neutralisation occurs and the products of it Acidic, neutral, indicator, neutralisation Acid + basesalt + water

34. Neutralisation Describe neutralisation in terms of H + and OH - ions Acidic, neutral, indicator, neutralisation 50ml of HCl Add 10ml of NaOH at intervals recoding pH at each stage Produce a graph outlining your results

35. Acid Base Titration The importance of accuracy Carryout a practical activity using a burette and pipette How to carryout an acid base titration

36. Making Salts The uses of salts in chemistry Carryout a practical activity to produce a salt How salts are formed

37. Balancing Equations How to write and balance chemical equations Complete the worksheet provided and balance equations The top 5 tips for balancing a chemical equation

38. Chemical equation, balance What are your top 5 tips for balancing a chemical equation?

39. How to write and balance chemical equations Chemical equation, balance

40. Al + NH 4 ClO 4 Al 2 O 3 + AlCl 3 + NO + H 2 0 How to write and balance chemical equations Chemical equation, balance 3Al + 3NH 4 ClO 4 Al 2 O 3 + AlCl 3 + 3NO + 6H 2 0

41. How to write and balance chemical equations Chemical equation, balance 1) 2)

42. How to write and balance chemical equations Chemical equation, balance 1) 2)

43. Fertilisers How fertilisers increase crop yield Describe the process of eutrophication Identify the acids needed to make fertilisers

44. Recap Write a balanced symbol equation for the production of ammonia using the Haber process. Identify the acids needed to make fertilisers Fertiliser, eutrophication, crop yield

45. Fertilisers 1)What is a fertiliser, and what does it do?(3 marks) 2)Explain the term ‘crop yield’.(1 mark) How fertilisers increase crop yield Fertiliser, eutrophication, crop yield

46. Eutrophication Using your diagram to help you, write a paragraph describing the process of eutrophication Describe the process of eutrophication Fertiliser, eutrophication, crop yield

47. Electrolysis of brine The key features of the electrolysis of brine Explain the electrolysis of brine in terms of loss and gain of electrons How sodium chloride is mined

48. Mining salt and its uses How sodium chloride is mined Brine, electrolysis, anode, cathode Task: Complete a spider diagram reviewing pages 156/7 of your textbook.

49. The key features of the electrolysis of brine Brine, electrolysis, anode, cathode Electrolysis

50. Explain the electrolysis of brine in terms of loss and gain of electrons Brine, electrolysis, anode, cathode Oxidation and reduction OxidationReduction Loss of electronsGain of electrons At the anode…At the cathode… Chlorine ions lose electronsHydrogen ions gain electrons 2Cl - - 2e - Cl 2 2H + + 2e - H 2 The remaining ions, Na+ and OH- are not discharged, they make up sodium hydroxide NaOH