1. March 28, 2013 Office of Research and Development 1 National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division. Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education 2 Biomass & Natural Gas Based Hydrogen Fuel For Gas Turbine (Power Generation) Gurbakhash Bhander 1, Nabanita Modak 2, Chun-Wai Lee 1, William Linak 1, Jacky Rosati 1 Abstract: Significant progress has been made by major power generation equipment manufacturers in the development of market applications for hydrogen fuel use in gas turbines in recent years. Development of a new application using gas turbines for significant reduction of power plant CO 2 emissions has initiated extensive efforts to expand the range of hydrogen combustion capabilities. The focus of this study is to understand the chemical process by means of hydrogen separation and purification from natural gas and biomass, and to perform the economic and environmental analysis of hydrogen fuel used in a large size, combined cycle combustion turbine plant designed to run on natural gas and biomass as a possible measure to reduce greenhouse emissions of the power sector. Results of this study could potentially be used for scenario analysis in MARKAL and UISIS. In addition, collected hydrogen technology data will be added to the GHG Mitigation Option Database (GMOD). Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) 1 The purpose of study: develop a new technology option that could potentially: be used for a scenario analysis in MARKAL, GCAM, UISIS and other research models, added to the databank of GMOD and GWP. perform the economic and environmental analysis to understand the potential economic impact and environmental benefits of hydrogen fuel from natural gas and biomass. The following scenarios will be analyzed: Power Generation from Natural Gas with and without Carbon Capture Sequestration (CCS) system Power Generation from Natural Gas and Biomass based Hydrogen Fuel with and without CCS system Carbon capture systems vs. hydrogen production – Technology comparison Figure 1: Proposed scenarios for Hydrogen Fuel for Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Generation (NGCC) System. 1 References: Dante Bonaquist, “Analysis of CO2 Emissions, Reductions, and capture for Large Scale Hydrogen Production Plants”, www.paxair.com, Aug,2010www.paxair.com Ongoing Work Data collection and process for SMR and water gas shift reaction Hydrogen fuel to electricity conversion Shale gas extraction Initial phase of emissions and economic model development Challenges Growing Hydrogen Market Large volume of H2 demand for Refineries SMR Technology in a development phase CCS system is expensive to apply EOR provides economic and environmental benefits Reactions Desulfurization: Remove all sulfur compounds to less than 0.1 ppmw Reforming: Converts methane and light hydrocarbons to hydrogen and carbon monoxide High Temp. Shift: Process gas outlet temperature: 1400 ºF to 1700 ºF H2 PSA: Purifies hydrogen-rich gas (99.9%) Figure 2: Steam Methane Reforming Flow Diagram. Figure 3: CH 4 Emission from Power Plants (Four different Scenarios)- Source: DOE Figure 4: CO 2 Emission from Power Plants (Four different Scenarios)- Source: DOE