1. Straight Line Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks Cheng-Fu Chou, Jia-Jang Su, and Chao-Yu Chen Computer Science and Information Engineering Dept., National Taiwan University IEEE ISCC 2005 Speaker ： Shih-Yun Hsu

2. Outline  Introduction  Network assumption  Straight Line Routing Protocol (SLR)  SLR Dual Way  SLR Far Jump  SLR Short-Cut ACK  Performance evaluation  Conclusions

3. Introduction  Sensor has some features  Advances in processor, memory, and radio technology  Small and cheap  Capability of wireless communication and significant computation  sensor nodes is usually in a hop-by-hop manner  Routing

4. Introduction  Broadcast-based routing protocols  Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV)  Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV)  Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)  Disadvantage  Frequent broadcasts drain the sensor battery off quickly

5. Introduction  Random-walk-based protocol  Gossip  Rumor  Every node appends its neighbor list in the routing message  The node can choose a neighbor node that has not received this message  Keep the routing away from growing in the backward direction  Spiral problem  The size of the routing packet become larger and larger  Energy consumption increased

6. Introduction

7. Network assumption  Sensors are random deployed  The energy consumption of all nodes are equal  Every node could measure the signal strength to know the distance between sender and receiver  All of nodes do not know the location information

8. Straight Line Routing Protocol (SLR) Destination Sink

9. Straight Line Routing Protocol (SLR) AB R R/2

10. Straight Line Routing Protocol (SLR) R R/2 A Inside Band Outside Band (Flag In, Flag Out )

11. Straight Line Routing Protocol (SLR) AB (Flag In, Flag Out )=(1, 1) (Flag In, Flag Out )=(0, 1) (Flag In, Flag Out )=(0, 0)

12. Straight Line Routing Protocol (SLR) R/2 ≦ R-Outside Band ≦ R 0 ≦ Outside Band ≦ R(1- )

13. SLR Dual Way AB Sink

14. SLR Far Jump AB SLR_FJ (Flag In, Flag Out )=(1, 0)

15. SLR Short-Cut ACK Sink Destination ACK Anchor

16. Performance evaluation  Nodes are scattered randomly on a two- dimensional field  4 combined module  Initialized from sensor nodes / Initialized from the sink node  SLR/SLR, SLR/RR, RR/SLR, RR/RR  Tuned the transmission range to control the density of the network  Transmission range is 60 to 140

17. Performance evaluation  Small topology  500 × 500  The total number of sensor network is 500  Number of event paths = Number of query paths = 1  Number of hops in each query path is 10  The width of the Outside Band applied in event path = 0.3  The width of the Outside Band applied in query path = 0.6

18. Performance evaluation

21.  Large topology  1000 × 1000  The total number of sensor network is 2000  Number of event paths = Number of query paths = 1  Number of hops in each query path is 10  The width of the Outside Band applied in event path = 0.3  The width of the Outside Band applied in query path = 0.6

22. Performance evaluation

24. Conclusions  Random-walk-based routing is a new routing protocol category without broadcasting procedures and SLR aims to choose every hop in the original direction of the path  SLR can enhance the successful ratio of routing, and lower the energy cost

25. Thank You!!