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The Tempest by: William Shakespeare
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The Last Play Called a tragicomedy – elements of tragedy and comedy
A far-fetched fantasy with multiple sub-plots A fairy tale with elements of magic, good and bad characters, love, miraculous incidents, charms and fairies.
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Main Characters Prospero, the rightful duke of Milan
Miranda, his daughter Caliban, savage and deformed – their slave Ariel, a spirit (male) These people are on an island in the Mediterranean Sea
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Main Characters Alonso, king of Naples Sebastian, his brother
Gonzalo, an honest, old counselor Ferdinand, son of the king Antonio, Prospero’s brother, the usurping duke Trinculo, a jester Stephano, a drunken butler Adrian, Francisco - lords These people are on a boat which crashes onto Prospero’s island
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Political Positions Renaissance Italy was made up of many city-states vying for control over each other Milan and Naples were city-states Antonio agrees to give control of Milan to Naples if the King will help him gain the dukedom
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Magic Magic was very controversial during this time period
Prospero is described as a rational magician in contrast to Sycorax who was an occultist – his was based on science and hers on black magic ideas Prospero uses Ariel, a spirit, to help him control nature and people Prospero also has magic books and a cloak
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Setting The Tempest takes place on an island in the Mediterranean
Supposedly, Shakespeare got his idea when he read about a shipwreck near Bermuda There are some references to the Bermudas and the ideas of the new world
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References to mythology
Harpy – half woman/half bird Phoenix – bird who could rise from its own ashes Ceres Iris Goddesses Juno
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Masque A form of entertainment Dancing, music, elaborate costumes
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Themes Forgive and Forget/Revenge Repentance
Exploration of a new world Friendship Relationships Love
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Shakespeare’s Farewell
Epilogue is famously referred to as Shakespeare’s farewell Spoken by Prospero as a “magician” who is giving up his “magic” – seen as Shakespeare giving up his writing
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