1. The Importance of Mitosis

2. The need to heal!

3. The need to grow!

4. How do cells have the information to reproduce? DNA DNA Made of nucleotides Made of nucleotides Phosphate Phosphate sugar sugar Nitrogen base Nitrogen base Adenine Adenine Guanine Guanine Cytosine Cytosine thymine thymine

5. DNA in detail Uncoiled DNA called chromatin looks like spaghetti - between cell divisions Uncoiled DNA called chromatin looks like spaghetti - between cell divisions Coiled DNA in the form of an (x) shape is called a chromosome – occurs during cell division Coiled DNA in the form of an (x) shape is called a chromosome – occurs during cell division

6. Chromosomes Chromosome- consists of two identical halves connected together by a centromere Chromosome- consists of two identical halves connected together by a centromere Chromatid- a half of one chromosome. Chromatid- a half of one chromosome.

7. The chromosomes of a homologous pair The chromosomes of a homologous pair Carry genes for the same characteristics at the same place, or locus Carry genes for the same characteristics at the same place, or locus Chromosomes Centromere Sister chromatids

8. How many chromosomes do we have?? Each human diploid cell is 2N and contains 46 total Each human diploid cell is 2N and contains 46 total 23 identical pairs 23 identical pairs ( 23 x 2 = 46 ) “homologous chromosomes” ( 23 x 2 = 46 ) “homologous chromosomes” carry the same traits carry the same traits

9. Cell Cycle G1 = cell grows G1 = cell grows S = DNA replication S = DNA replication G2= Prepare to divide G2= Prepare to divide M= Mitosis M= Mitosis INTERPHASE

10. How we make more identical cells. mitosis

11. Stages of Mitosis Interphase Interphase Prophase Prophase Metaphase Metaphase Anaphase Anaphase Telophase Telophase(IPMAT)

12. Stages of mitosis id: slide #1 Interphase Interphase DNA, uncoiled

13. Stages of mitosis id: slide #2 Prophase Prophase DNA, Coils and nuclear membrane disappears.

14. Metaphase Metaphase DNA lines up in the MIDDLE DNA is coiled in chromosomes Stages of mitosis id: slide #3

15. Stages of mitosis id: slide #4 Anaphase DNA Separates It is pulled APART to opposite sides of the cell

16. Stages of mitosis id: slide #5 Telophase DNA separated and new membrane is forming Cytokinesis 2 Identical cells formed (clones)

17. Plant Interphase Cell prepares for division by: replicating DNA and organelles increasing cell size Plant Interphase

18. Plant Prophase Cell prepares for nuclear division by: condensing DNA into movable packages called chromosomes

19. Plant Metaphase Cell prepares chromosomes for division by: aligning chromosomes at cell equator attaching spindle fibers from each new daughter cell pole to each chromosome at the centromere Plant Metaphase

20. Plant Anaphase Chromosomes divide: spindle fibers pull chromosomes apart one-half of each chromosome (chromatid) moves to a new daughter cell Plant Anaphase

21. Plant Telophase Cytoplasm divides: DNA decondenses and two nuclei form new cell wall (cell plate) appears between the two nuclei to form two new daughter cells Plant Telophase

22. Plant Interphase Cell prepares for division by: replicating DNA and organelles increasing cell size

23. Plant Mitosis InterphaseProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophaseInterphase

24. Normal cell cycle (Mitosis) Happens everywhere in your body when you need a new cell. Happens everywhere in your body when you need a new cell. Red blood cells are reproduced fast Heart brain and muscle cells are reproduced more slowly

25. Abnormal cell cycle Cancer= cell cycle is to fast Cancer= cell cycle is to fast Chemo stops or slows down the cell cycle