1. NERVOUS SYSTEM TEST REVIEW What are glia and neuroglia? What are axons covered with and what does it do for the nerve? Describe a synapse. Supporting nerve cells of different types Myelin – speeds up the nerve impulse A gap or space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another – this is where neurotransmitters (chemicals) pass the nerve impulse from one neuron to another neuron

2. What is a neurotransmitter? What is the difference between white matter and gray matter? What is an action potential? You must know what polarization, depolarization, repolarization are. Chemical passed from axon to dendrite to move the nerve impulse from one neuron to the another White matter = myelin Gray matter = no myelin A nerve impulse Polarization = nerve at resting state Depolarization = nerve impulse travels along a neuron Repolarization = nerve returns to resting state

3. What is the function of the pons? What does the medulla control? What does the cerebellum control? What part of the brain is injured if a person lapses into a coma? Functions as a bridge between cerebrum and cerebellum Involuntary actions: heart rate, breathing, swallowing, etc. Process info from cerebral cortex & sensory receptors – results in smooth, coordinated muscle movements Reticular activating system (RAS)

4. What is the surface of the cerebrum called? Which part of the brain controls movement of the skeletal muscles? The right side of the brain controls which side of the body? What are the 3 meninges and where are they found? Cerebral cortex – gray matter on the surface of the cerebrum Motor area of cerebral cortex left Dura matter, arachnoid, pia matter – covers brain and spinal cord

5. What is the function of CSF? What neurons are involved in a reflex arc? You must know the different brain diseases and disorders and their causes. Protects and nourishes brain and spinal cord Sensory neuron – interneuron – motor neuron Parkinson’s Disease, epilepsy, stroke, Alzheimers

6. You must be able to label the following terms on a diagram. Cerebellum Axon Dura mater Hypothalamus Gray matter Dendrites Nucleus of nerve cell Pia mater Thalamus Brainstem White matter Cell body Arachnoid Nerve cerebrum