1. NAPOLEON’S EUROPE Chapter 20.3

2. Napoleon's Rise to Power Opportunities for Glory  Napoleon became a significant war leaders during the revolution at the age of 26  The directory named him the commander of the French interior  France invaded Italy and won under Napoleon  He also won much of Egypt as to disrupt the trade between England and India  Then the English struck back and defeated the entire French fleet  He kept this defeat out of the press and from the French people so he could be a hero

3. Napoleon's Rise to Power Napoleon Seizes Power  He was a national hero  The Directory was weak and ineffective many thought royalist would come place a monarch in France, or that a foreign power would invade and defeat France  Armed supporters of Napoleon forced the Directory to turn the government over to Napoleon in a coup d’etat  Structure of the republic was still in place but Napoleon became a dictator  French craved the order and stability that Napoleon promised

4. Emperor Napoleon Napoleon Crowns Himself  In 1804 French voted to declare France an empire making Napoleon the emperor  The Pope can to crown him however when the pope began to place the crown on his head he took it and crowned himself  This action told the world that no one gave Napoleon his authority other than himself Desire for Empire  He wanted to extend France’s empire and conquer Europe and then the Americas  He could not control his colonies in the Americas so he sold his territory to the United States in the Louisiana Purchases and focused on conquering Europe

5. Emperor Napoleon The Napoleonic Wars Begin  Napoleonic Wars were an continuous of the wars fought during the French revolution  France was the greatest power at the time under Napoleon  Mainly between France and Great Britain  GB funded other nations to help stop Napoleons surge through Europe  Napoleon tried to defeat GB but failed because he was better on land than on sea

6. Emperor Napoleon The Continental System  GB depended on foreign trade  Napoleon wanted to disrupt this trade so he could weaken GB and their funds which kept their rebellion from him happening  He planned the blockade called the Continental System- preventing French or their allies from trading with GB  GB made all neutral ships stop in their ports for permission to trade with France

7. Emperor Napoleon The Peninsular War  Portugal was neutral in the Napoleonic Wars  Portugal refused to comply with then Continental System  Napoleon sent troops to Portugal and took over the king  He then invaded Spain and put his brother on the throne  The Spanish rebelled in 1808  GB sent troops to help the rebellion  France sent more troops and won several victories over both armies  However guerrilla warfare broke out with the Spanish peasants  Napoleon was pinned down in Spain and eventually had to pull his troops out

8. Emperor Napoleon Napoleon Dominates Europe  Napoleon took control of most of Europe through treaties, alliances, and war  The only nations free were GB, Sweden, Portugal, and the Ottoman Empire  He usually put his family in charge or places he conquered

9. Napoleon’s Policies Reform of Church-State Relations  Signed the Concordat which recognized the influence of the Roman Catholic Church in France but did not return any control over national affairs to the church Economic Reform  EST the bank of France  Better tax collection system  Relatively financially stable under napoleon

10. Napoleon’s Policies Legal and Educational Reforms  Created the Napoleonic code which made laws uniform across the nation  Freedom of press restricted  Banned books and newspapers  Code only applied to males  Coded denied rights to women and gave husbands authorities over their wives  He established a network of high schools, universities, and technical schools to train men for t future jobs

11. Napoleon’s Policies Napoleon’s Legacy  Napoleon made some of the revolutionary ideas part of the French government  Democratic ideas of equality for the law and representative system of government  He helped fuel nationalism- a sense of identity and unity as a people in a certain area, country, or culture