1. Cardiovascular System

2.  What is the name of the serous membrane that covers the heart? ______  Which of the following are layers of the heart wall? ◦ 1. Epicardium ◦ 2. Myocardium ◦ 3. Endocardium ◦ 4. Serocardium

3.  What is the name of the serous membrane that covers the heart? PERICARDIUM (2 layers- visceral and parietal)  Which of the following are layers of the heart wall? ◦ 1. Epicardium- same as visceral pericardium ◦ 2. Myocardium- cardiac muscle layer ◦ 3. Endocardium- smooth inner layer of chambers ◦ 4. Serocardium

4. External Heart Anatomy Figure 11.2a A B C D E

5. External Heart Anatomy Figure 11.2a

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8. External Heart Anatomy Figure 11.2a A B (chamber) C (chamber) D E F

9. External Heart Anatomy Figure 11.2a

10.  1. The right atrioventricular valve is called the ________________ valve.  2. The left atrioventricular valve is called the _____________, or mitral, valve.  3. The aorta and pulmonary artery have valves called ____________ valves.

11.  1. The right atrioventricular valve is called the TRICUSPID valve.  2. The left atrioventricular valve is called the BICUSPID, or mitral, valve.  3. The aorta and pulmonary artery have valves called SEMILUNAR valves.

12.  1. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? ◦ A. Choradae Tendinae keep the valve from inverting. ◦ B. A heart murmur is the result of a leaky valve. ◦ C. The “lub” sound is when the AV valves open. ◦ D. The “dub” sound is when the semilunar valves close.  1. Which of the following statements TRUE? ◦ A. Veins always lead away from the heart. ◦ B. Arteries always lead toward the heart. ◦ C. There are 4 pulmonary veins, 2 from each lung. ◦ D. The vena cava is the largest artery in the body.

13.  1. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? ◦ A. Choradae Tendinae keep the valve from inverting. ◦ B. A heart murmur is the result of a leaky valve. ◦ C. The “lub” sound is when the AV valves open. (close!) ◦ D. The “dub” sound is when the semilunar valves close.  1. Which of the following statements TRUE? ◦ A. Veins always lead away from the heart. (toward) ◦ B. Arteries always lead toward the heart. (away) ◦ C. There are 4 pulmonary veins, 2 from each lung. ◦ D. The vena cava is the largest artery in the body. (vein)

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16. Figure 11.3b Superior vena cava Right atrium Right pulmonary veins Fossa ovalis Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve) Right ventricle Chordae tendineae Inferior vena cava (b) Frontal section showing interior chambers and valves. Aorta Left pulmonary artery Left atrium Left pulmonary veins Pulmonary semilunar valve Left atrioventricular valve (bicuspid valve) Aortic semilunar valve Left ventricle Interventricular septum Myocardium Visceral pericardium Right pulmonary artery A B C

17. Figure 11.3b Superior vena cava Right atrium Right pulmonary veins Fossa ovalis Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve) Right ventricle Chordae tendineae Inferior vena cava (b) Frontal section showing interior chambers and valves. Aorta Left pulmonary artery Left atrium Left pulmonary veins Pulmonary semilunar valve Left atrioventricular valve (bicuspid valve) Aortic semilunar valve Left ventricle Interventricular septum Myocardium Visceral pericardium Right pulmonary artery

18.  Blood in the heart chambers nourishes the myocardium.  Heart muscle cells can contract by themselves with no nerve impulses.  The SA and AV nodes are located in the left atrium.  The atria contract simultaneously, the atria relax, and then the ventricles contract.

19.  Blood in the heart chambers nourishes the myocardium. FALSE (Coronary arteries)  Heart muscle cells can contract by themselves with no nerve impulses. TRUE  The SA and AV nodes are located in the left atrium. FALSE (right atrium, in that order)  The atria contract simultaneously, the atria relax, and then the ventricles contract. TRUE

20.  Who were the Top 5? (list included bands and solo artists)

21. ◦ 1. The Beatles ◦ 2. Michael Jackson ◦ 3. Bob Dylan ◦ 4. Led Zeppelin ◦ 5. The Rolling Stones

22.  1. The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracted is called ___________.  2. The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxed is called ____________.  3. A blood pressure of 120/70 would be considered ___________.

23.  1. The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracted is called SYSTOLE.  2. The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxed is called DIASTOLE.  3. A blood pressure of 120/70 would be considered NORMAL.  SYSTOLIC DIASTOLIC

24.  1. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ◦ A. Veins have valves to prevent backflow of blood. ◦ B. Arteries have more muscular walls than veins. ◦ C. Venules are very large veins. ◦ D. Capillaries connect arterioles and venules and are the location of gas/nutrient transport to/from cells  2. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ◦ A. The lumen of arteries is much larger. ◦ B. Blood vessels have 3 layers called “tunics.” ◦ C. The middle layer is made up of smooth muscle, which responds to the sympathetic nervous system. ◦ D. Endothelium is the inner layer that lines the lumen.

25.  1. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ◦ A. Veins have valves to prevent backflow of blood. ◦ B. Arteries have more muscular walls than veins. ◦ C. Venules are very large veins. (very small veins) ◦ D. Capillaries connect arterioles and venules and are the location of gas/nutrient transport to/from cells  2. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ◦ A. The lumen of arteries is much larger. (veins) ◦ B. Blood vessels have 3 layers called “tunics.” ◦ C. The middle layer is made up of smooth muscle, which responds to the sympathetic nervous system. ◦ D. Endothelium is the inner layer that lines the lumen.

26.  BASEBALL: In what year did baseball see its last triple crown winner? (Bonus points if you know the person who won the triple crown that year)  HORSE RACING: In what year did horse racing see its last triple crown winner? (Bonus points if you know the horse who won the triple crown that year)

27.  BASEBALL: In what year did baseball see its last triple crown winner? (Bonus points if you know the person who won the triple crown that year)  1967- Carl Yastrzemski  HORSE RACING: In what year did horse racing see its last triple crown winner? (Bonus points if you know the horse who won the triple crown that year)  1978- Affirmed

28.  1. What is the only vein in the body that has oxygenated blood? _________________  2. The “hardening” of arteries caused by plaque buildup is called _________________.  3. In the fetal circulation, the shunt from the right to left atrium, bypassing the lungs, is called the _________ ________.

29.  1. What is the only vein in the body that has oxygenated blood? PULMONARY VEIN  2. The “hardening” of arteries caused by plaque buildup is called ATHEROSCLEROSIS.  3. In the fetal circulation, the shunt from the right to left atrium, bypassing the lungs, is called the FORAMEN OVALE. (BECOMES FOSSA OVALIS AFTER BIRTH- MAY NOT CLOSE CORRECTLY)

30.  Follow a drop of blood from the right atrium, through the body and back. Be sure to include specific valves and all sizes of blood vessels.

31.  Right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → semilunar valve → pulmonary trunk → pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → bicuspid valve (mitral) → left ventricle → semilunar valve → aorta → arteries → arterioles → capillaries → venules → veins → vena cavae → right atrium