1. The Roaring 20s: American Life Changes Unit 3 Section 1 Part 1

2. A. New Roles for Women ► -19 th Amendment had given women the right to vote ► -some women were elected to public office ► -overall, women still did not vote ► -many women were also in the workplace in the 20s ► -they worked the lowest-paying jobs (nurses, teachers, etc. ► -many women also began attending college in the 20s

3. ► 1. New Family Roles  1920s changed people’s attitudes about men and women’s relationship  Women still primarily cared for children  Most women still depended on men financially  An increasing # of women sought equality with men

4. ► 2. The Flapper  a popular image that reflected changes in women in the 20s  they defied traditional dress and behavior  Short hair, short skirts, smoking, drinking, etc.  a lifestyle of independence  Not all women were flappers, mostly in cities  Rural women still remained traditional for the most part

5. B. Effects of Urbanization ► The 20s were a time of economic prosperity in the U.S. ► City people and country people became vastly different, causing conflict ► Farming took a hit after WWI, because gov’t stopped buying crops ► Caused many people to move into the city to find work ► For the first time in 1920, more people lived in the city than in rural areas ► Cars allowed people to commute to work

6. ► in education ► Most states had passed laws requiring kids to go to school ► got children out of the workplace and into education ► High School and college enrollment

7. The Roaring 20s: Conflicts Over Values Unit 3 Section 1 Part 2

8. A. Conflicts Over Values ► The clash of urban and rural people values ► Rural people represented traditional values ► -(hard work, self-reliant, independent, religious) ► Urban people represented changes that threatened those values

9. ► The KKK experienced a revival in the 20s ► Most members were workers and small farmers (traditional beliefs) ► They saw their status declining with the rise of urbanization ► Targeted recent immigrants esp. Catholics and Jews ► Tried to influence politics ► Membership reached in the millions in the 20s ► Membership declined b/c Klan leaders involved in political scandals

10. B. The Rise of Fundamentalism  In changing times, many Americans turned to religion  Christianity criticized 1920s changes  Their beliefs were based on a literal interpretation of the Bible  -this is called fundamentalism  -this belief says that events happened in the Bible exactly like they are told

11. C. The Scopes Trial  Fundamentalism conflicted w/ science  In the 1800s, Charles Darwin created the idea of evolution ► -organisms evolve from simpler life forms ► -said that humans may have evolved from an ape-like species ► conflicted w/ Christian teachings that God created people ► Fundamentalists worked hard to make sure evolution was not taught in schools

12. ► Tenn. 1925, a law forbade evolution to be taught ► John Scopes, a teacher taught evolution anyway ► He was taken to trial ► Scope’s lawyer was Clarence Darrow ► William Jennings Bryan led the prosecution ► Trial not about whether or not Scopes broke the law (he obviously did) ► It was about which was right, evolution or creation ► Called the Scopes Monkey Trial

13. ► Bryans didn’t defend the Bible very well ► The trial ended with John Scopes being convicted and fined $100 ► He never had to pay, and evolution continued to be taught

14. The Roaring 20s: Prohibition Unit 3 Section 1 Part 3

15. A. Prohibition ► 1. Brief recap  People had tried to fight alcohol since 1800s  Blamed alcohol on many problems (crime, sickness, violence)  1900s, Progressives are going to fight against alcohol  Many argued alcohol hurt the war effort (grain, soldiers needed to be sober)  Many portrayed new immigrants as drunks  Fundamentalists fought against alcohol

16. ► 2. The 18 th Amendment  By 1917, ½ of the U.S. restricted alcohol use  1919 congress passed 18 Amendment ► Forbade sale, manufacture and distribution of alcohol  Volstead Act ► Gave gov’t power to enforce prohibition ► 3. Prohibition in Practice  Supporters believed prohibition would have positive effects  Prohibition impractical b/c enforcing the law was impossible

17.  Drinking was not illegal  Many continued to drink  Prohibition gave rise to organized crime (Gangsters)  Alcohol slipped into the U.S. by way of criminals  Bootleggers were hunted by police  Many people made their own alcohol (homemade)  Dr. were allowed to prescribe alcohol for medical use (Sound Familiar?)

18. ► 4. Al Capone  Most notorious gangster of the 20s  Operated out of Chicago  Destroyed his competition  Earned millions of $ a year  Paid off police  Owned several Speakeasies, illegal bars where alcohol was served  Eventually was arrested on charges of tax evasion ► People began to wonder if prohibition was worth the trouble