1. Pressure Measurement
PI – I
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2. Importance
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3. Pressure
Safety
Achieve desired output
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4. Pressure Pressure Pressure = Force/Area Units of force per unit area
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5. Hydrostatic Pressure Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure in a liquid.
The pressure increases as the depth in a liquid increases, due to its weight.
In term of equation, P = ρgh
ρ = density in kg/m3
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.8m/s2)
h = depth in liquid in m
P = pressure in Pa

6. Manometers U tube Well Type Inclined Float Ring Balance Barometer
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7. Manometers
Barometer
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8. Float type Mano Meter
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9. Float type Mano Meter
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10. Ring Balance Type Manometer
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11. Types of Bourdon Tube
C Type
Spiral
Helical
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12. Bourdon tube
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13. Spiral Bourdon element
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14. Bellows
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15. Beam balance bellows sensor
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16. Diaphragm Type
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18. Actual Image of Diaphram
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19. Electrical Pressure Sensors
LVDT type
Strain gauge
Piezo electric type
Capacitance type.
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20. LVDT type
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21. LVDT type
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22. LVDT with Bellows
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23. Strain gage
Resistance
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25. Strain gage
Strain gage is attached to a flexible membrane. When the membrane is deflected the resistance in the strain gage changes.
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26. Strain gauge with diaphragm
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28. Piezo electric
Piezoelectric Effect is the ability of certain materials to generate an electric charge in response to applied mechanical stress.
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29. Piezo electric type Sensor
Principles: ∆ Pressure  ∆ Charge  ∆ Voltage
Applications: measurements with high accuracy, good repeatability, high resolution.
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30. Piezo electric Material
Quartz
Cane sugar
Rochelle salt
Topaz
Tourmaline
Bone
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31. Capacitance type
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32. Working
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33. Wein Bridge
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34. Actual Transmitter (DPT) Differential Pressure Transmitter
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35. Vacuum Sensors Thermal Conductivity gauge Pirani Gauge
Ionization Gauge
McLeod’s gauge
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39. Pirani Gauge
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40. Pirani Gauge
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41. McLeod’s gauge
MOST IMP
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43. McLeod Gauge

44. Formula P= KHH0(1-KH) P= measured Pressure K = Constant
H= Height difference in open column
H0= Height above zero line closed column
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45. Ionization Gauge
Electrodes
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46. Ionization Gauge
It can be used to measure pressure down to about 2 torr.
The gas is ionized with a beam of electrons and the current is measured between two electrodes in the gas.
The current is proportional to the number of ions per unit volume, which also proportional to the gas pressure.

47. Optical Pressure Sensor
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48. Pressure Switch
NO / NC on SET Pressure
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49. Pressure Switch
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51. To calibrate Pressure Gauges
Dead weight tester
Application :
To calibrate Pressure Gauges
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52. Dead weight tester
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