1. Life Saving Embedded System

2. AIM OF THIS PAPER Thousands of persons killed as a cause of earthquake
As a responsible engineer we have to save the human life.
We have proposed a new microwave live detection system to locate human beings.

3. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Penetration of microwave beam through rubble surface
The reflected wave from the person’s body will be modulated
These modulated signals are processed by controller and the location is determined

4. WORKING FREQUENCY
They are two categories depending on the type and nature of the collapsed building.
L or S band frequency say 1150 MHz
UHF band frequency say 450 MHz

5. MAJOR COMPONENTS
The microwave life detection system has four major components.
They are
A microwave circuit
Clutter cancellation system
Microcontroller
A dual antenna system

6. MICROWAVE CIRCUIT
PHASE LOCKED LOOP
AMPLIFIER
DISTRIBUTOR

7. MICROWAVE CIRCUIT
PHASE
LOCKED
LOOP
AMPLIFIER
DISTRIBUTOR
DUAL
ANTENNA

8. CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT
A DIGITALLY CONTROLLED PHASE SHIFTER
A FIXED ATTENUATOR
A RF AMPLIFIER
A DIGITALLY CONTROLLED ATTENUATOR

9. CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT
DUAL
ANTENNA
DIRECTION
COUPLER
DIGITAL
CONTROLLED
PHASE SHIFTER
FIXED
ATTENUATOR
AMPLIFIER
CONTROLLER

10. MICROCONTROLLER UNIT DOUBLE BALANCED MIXER CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT

11. MICROCONTROLLER UNIT DOUBLE CLUTTER BALANCED CANCELLATION MIXER UNIT

12. DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM The dual antenna system has two antenna.
They are energized sequentially by an electronic switch.
Each antenna acts separately (Tx & Rx)

13. DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM INITIALLY THE SWITCH IS KEPT IN POSITION 1
SIGNAL IS TRANSMITTED THROUGH THE ANTENNA 1
WAIT FOR SOME PREDETERMINED
SENDING TIME, TS
THE SWITCH IS THROWN TO POSITION 2
SIGNAL IS RECEIVED THROUGH THE ANTENNA 2
WAIT FOR SOME PREDETERMINED
RECEIVING TIME, TR
REPEAT THE ABOVE PROCEDURE FOR
SOME PREDETERMINED TIME, T.

14. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM Phase locked oscillator Direction coupler1 [10db]
RF switch
Digital controlled attenuator
Amp
Directional Coupler 2]
Digital controlled phase shifter
Fixed attenuator
Digital controlled
Phase-shifter 2
Mixer RF
Pre-amplifier
Directional Coupler 4 [3dB] LF
Amplifier & Filter
Microprocessor
Control system
Detector

15. HIGHLIGHTS
The location of the person under the rubble can be known from the time lapse between Ts and Tr.
An alarm system has been set , so that whenever the laptop computer system processes the received signal and identifies that there is a human being, the alarm sound starts.
The system can detect the signals of other living beings based on the frequency of the breathing and heart beat signals.

16. CONCLUSION
Thus a new sensitive life detection system using microwave radiation for locating human beings buried under earthquake rubble or hidden behind various barriers has been designed.
This system operating either at L or S band, UHF band can detect the breathing and heart beat signals of human beings buried under earthquake rubble.